The induction of MI and MII triploids in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with 6-DMAP or CB

Gérard, André; Ledu, Christophe; Phélipot, Pascal; Naciri, Yamama

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00032-0

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Embryos resulting from crosses with diploid males were subsequently divided into 2 groups of equal size. One was treated with cytochalasin B to induce the retention of the 2nd polar body, thus producing a second triploid group by chemical induction (named '3nCB' as in Wang et al 1999) following the method described in (Gérard et al 1999), while the other was allowed to develop normally and produced a diploid group (2n). The 2n and 3nCB groups were thus bred from exactly the same genitors, and the 3nDT group from the same females but different (tetraploid) males.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of our procedure, the 2 triploid groups that we studied exhibited a very high (> 96%) percentage of triploid individuals; the remainder were diploids or mosaics. Incidental diploids could result from ploidy reversion , inter-batch contamination or because cytochalasin B induction is often not totally effective (Gérard et al 1999). Mosaics are more likely to be due to a fundamental instability of artificial triploid animals (Allen & ).…”

Section: Triploidizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods inhibiting polar body expulsion using cytochalasin B or 6-DMAP (Gérard et al 1999) were developed first for triploid induction and allowed diploid -triploid comparisons to be made (e.g. for oysters see Allen & Downing 1986, Kesarcodi-Watson et al 2001, Mallia et al 2006; for mussels see Beaumont et al 1995, Brake et al 2004; for clams see Guo & Allen 1994a; for scallops see Tabarini 1984, Racotta et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction

Normand¹,

Ernande²,

Haure³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Biol.

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Early reproductive effort and growth were measured in 3 groups of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: 1 diploid group and 2 triploid groups resulting from either chemical induction (3nCB) or crosses between tetraploid and diploid parents (3nDT). Oysters were reared under intensive nursery conditions and sampled when 5 mo old. Reproductive effort was estimated by crosssectional area measurements of the visceral mass (i.e. gonadic occupation) and maturation stage was assessed by qualitative histology. As expected, comparison of the reproductive patterns of these 3 groups revealed a lower reproductive effort in triploid individuals relative to diploid. However, gonadic occupation in triploid oysters was higher than expected in both 3nCB and 3nDT groups, as the gonadic occupation was 47% of that in diploids at the sampling date. Our results suggest that, despite much lower mature gamete production in triploid oysters relative to diploid, their reproductive effort can be significant, even in young individuals. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between gender and body mass within each group and for gonadic occupation in the diploid group, suggesting that there is a link between sex and fitness-related traits in C. gigas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Triploidizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction

Normand¹,

Ernande²,

Haure³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Biol.

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“…Con información de Tiwary et al (2004) y Maxime (2008. encuentra la colchicina, que es un alcaloide que tiene la habilidad de inhibir reversiblemente la división celular interrumpiendo la polimerización de los microtúbulos (Taylor, 1965;Smith & Lemoine, 1979;Yoshimatsu et al, 1997); la citocalacina B, un antibiótico fuertemente tóxico obtenido del hongo Helmintosporium dematioideum, que inhibe la polimerización de la actina necesaria para la formación del cuerpo polar (Longo, 1972;Refstie et al, 1977;Allen & Stanley, 1979;Downing & Allen, 1987;Zhenmin et al, 1994;Guo et al, 1996;Kang et al, 2013); la 6-dimetilaminopurina o 6-DMAP, que puede ser disuelta en agua e inhibe la rotación del huso durante la división y por ende la expulsión del cuerpo polar (Desrosiers et al, 1993;Szöllösi et al, 1993;Gérard et al, 1999;Norris & Preston, 2003;Norris et al, 2005); el óxido nitroso, que pertenece a un grupo de químicos con una habilidad bien documentada para perturbar de manera reversible la ultraestructura y ciclo celular (Shelton et al, 1986;Okazaki et al, 2005), y por último, la cafeína utilizada para obtener hasta un 70% de triploides en el bagre africano (Clarias gariepinus) (Turan & Gucarac, 2014).…”

Section: Figuraunclassified

Fisiologia de los peces triploides

Alcántar‐Vázquez

2016

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RESUMEN.La triploidía se ha convertido en una herramienta recomendable para la acuicultura, ya que los problemas asociados con la maduración gonadal pueden ser eliminados o bien reducidos mediante la producción de peces triploides, los cuales son funcionalmente estériles. Aunque la posibilidad de esterilizar una gran cantidad de individuos ha convertido a la triploidía en un tema relevante económicamente, los cambios fisiológicos provocados por la adición de un tercer juego de cromosomas, ofrecen la posibilidad de estudiar procesos básicos en peces con diferente nivel de ploidía. A nivel fisiológico, la triploidía está estrechamente relacionada con el incremento del tamaño celular y sus repercusiones en varios procesos metabólicos y bioquímicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las principales consecuencias fisiológicas reportadas para peces marinos y dulceacuícolas, resultado de la inducción a la triploidía. Comprender estas consecuencias es de vital importancia para maximizar el desempeño de los peces triploides durante el cultivo. Palabras clave: triploidía, esterilidad, tamaño celular, crecimiento, eritrocito, desarrollo gonadal. Physiology of triploid fishABSTRACT. Triploidy has become a recommended tool for aquaculture since problems associated with gonadal maturation can be eliminated or reduced by producing triploid fish, which are functionally sterile. Although the possibility of sterilizing a large number of individuals has helped for triploidy to become an important issue economically, the physiological changes caused by the addition of a third set of chromosomes provides the opportunity to study basic processes in fish with a higher ploidy status. At physiological level the consequences of triploidy are closely related to the increase of cell size and its subsequent impact on various metabolic and biochemical processes. The aim of this work is to describe the main physiological consequences reported for marine and freshwater fishes resulting from the induction of triploidy. Understanding these consequences is of vital importance to maximize the performance of triploid fish under culture.

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“…Another group of triploids was obtained by fertilisation of oocytes treated with cytochalasin B, a technique which prevents the formation of the second polar body (Gérard et al 1999); these were named 3NC.…”

Section: Experimental Oystersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging as a means to assess the body growth and the gonad development of the oysterCrassostrea gigas

Hatt¹,

Davenel²,

Éliat³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-To make a preliminary exploration of the possibilities and limits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing body growth and gonad development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, individual monitoring was conducted on diploid and triploid oysters in their second year, maintained from February to October in a pond on the French Atlantic coast. Magnetic resonance imaging was done on each oyster on five dates during the study period. From these images, variations in the volumes of the flesh, digestive gland-gonad and adductor muscle, and the surface of the gills were measured over time. Apart from the well known differences between diploids and triploids related to maturation of gametes, other original observations of assessing growth were made from these MRI measurements using a non-invasive technique. The standard error of mean dry flesh variation was lower than that found by other commonly used measurement methods. A negative correlation was established between the volume of the gametes spawned and the increase in dry flesh volume after spawning. Moreover, these variations were correlated with the chemical composition of the adductor muscle. All these observations and conclusions need to be confirmed by further observations on oysters of different sizes or grown in different environments.Key words: MRI / Magnetic resonance imaging / Growth / Gonad development / Oyster / Crassostrea gigas Résumé -Pour explorer les possibilités et les limites de l'imagerie en résonance magnétique (IRM) sur la croissance corporelle et le développement des gonades de l'huître, Crassostrea gigas, des suivis individuels ont été effectués sur des huîtres diploïdes et triploïdes âgées de 2 ans, élevées en bassins de février à octobre sur les côtes Atlantiques françaises. L'IRM a été effectuée sur chaque huître, à cinq dates durant la période d'étude. Les variations de volume de la chair, de la glande digestive et du muscle adducteur, et de la surface des branchies ont ainsi été mesurées. A part les différences bien connues entre huîtres diploïdes et triploïdes liées à la maturation des gamètes, d'autres observations originales sur la croissance ont été effectuées à partir de ces mesures au moyen de l'IRM, technique non-invasive. L'erreur standard sur les variations de la chair sèche sont plus faibles que celles trouvées par les méthodes classiques. Une corrélation négative est observée entre le volume des gamètes émis et l'accroissement du volume de chair sèche après la ponte. De plus, ces variations sont corrélées avec la composition chimique du muscle adducteur. Ces observations et conclusions demandent à être confirmées par d'autres observations sur des huîtres de différentes tailles ou cultivées en conditions environnementales différentes.

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The induction of MI and MII triploids in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with 6-DMAP or CB

Cited by 52 publications

References 26 publications

Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction

Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction

Fisiologia de los peces triploides

Magnetic resonance imaging as a means to assess the body growth and the gonad development of the oysterCrassostrea gigas

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