The industrial utility of public water supplies in the Mountain States, 1952

Abstract

The location of industrial plants is dependent on an ample water supply of suitable quality. Information relating to the chemical characteristics of the water supplies is not only essential to the location of many plants but also is an aid in the manufacture and distribution of many commodities.Public water supplies are utilized extensively as a source of supply for many industrial plants, used either as delivered for domestic consumption or with further treatment if necessary to meet specific needs of the plant, such as water• for processing, cooling, and steam generation. The industrial use of water in the United States in 1950 was estimated to be more than 75 billion gallons per day from private sources. In addition, about 6 billion gallons per day was estimated to be taken from public water supplies.U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 658, "The industrial utility of public water supplies in the United States, 1932" contains information pertaining to the public water supplies of 670 of the larger cities throughout the United States. This report, which is still in print and being distributed, has filled an important need in the field of water-supply engineering. The demand for more up-to-date information and more extended coverage has led to studies by the Geological Sur• vey for revision of the information contained in the 1932 report. The revised report, which will include data pertaining to public water supplies of more than 1, 200 cities in the United States, will eventually be published as a Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper. However, in order that the information might be available at the earliest possible time, nine preliminary reports are being issued which give data on the •larger cities in each state. These nine reports are being released as Geological Survey Circulars, each covering a group of states as delineated by the Bureau of Census in taking the census of the population of the country. (See fig. 1). The reports give descriptive information and analytical data for approximately three-fourths of the cities that will be included in the final report for each of the states.This circular is the second of the series and includes data for the States of Arizona,

Strontium and Calcium in Municipal Water Supplies

“…As noted in Table 2, the range of strontium concentration for raw surface waters was 0.006-1.5 ppm. According to· references (13)(14)(15) consulted by the authors, the drainage basin soils may be divided into three categories: [1] noncalcareous, [2] noncalcareous plus cal- careous, and [3] calcareous. The strontium concentration ranges of the waters from these three groups of soils are 0.006-0.20, 0.10-0.26, and 0.27-1.5 ppm, respectively.…”

Geology and ground-water resources of Nobles County, and part of Jackson County, Minnesota

“…41.18ddal. The weighted-average hardness of raw water from public supplies for the larger cities in Minnesota is 275 ppm (Lohr and Love, 1954 40.23cbb4) had a hardness of 370 ppm as CaCO3. The well is about 190 feet north of Lake Okabena, and the relatively low hardness may be due to infiltration of lake water of lower concentration (less than 250 ppm) into the adjacent aquifer.…”

Geology and ground-water resources of the Paducah area, Kentucky

“…The data on the water-bearing characteristics of the different geologic units can also be applied to other areas in the Jackson Purchase region where these same units occur. INTRODUCTION 5 and W. L. Lamar (1952) contains data on the public water supply at Paducah. A report on the public and industrial water supplies of the Jackson Purchase region by H. L. Pree, Jr., and W. F. Walker (1953) presents information on all public:and industrial water-supply installations in the Jackson Purchase pumping More than 5,000 gpd (gallons per day) and gives general information on the occurrence of ground water in the area.…”