1957
DOI: 10.1084/jem.106.5.677
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The Infection of Chimpanzees With Echo Viruses

Abstract: The oral and parenteral infections of chimpanzees receiving echo Types 6 and 4 viruses successively are described. The two infections, spaced 2½ months apart, and given by the same route in each animal, failed to induce overt disease. The inapparent infections were demonstrated by virus excretion in the throat and the stools and the development of neutralizing antibodies. Complement-fixing antibodies also appeared after Type 6 infection, but fell more rapidly than the neutralizing antibodies. Af… Show more

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Cited by 40 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Itoh and Melnick (19) estimated that this method increased the neutralizing titers 50-fold. With similar techniques Barnett, Nasou, Utz and Baron (31) xvere able to demonstrate antibodies to 8 enteroviruses in the serum of 2 patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia, and postulated this as a possible explanation for the ability of such patients to react normally to viruses whereas they are repeatedly infected by bacteria.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Itoh and Melnick (19) estimated that this method increased the neutralizing titers 50-fold. With similar techniques Barnett, Nasou, Utz and Baron (31) xvere able to demonstrate antibodies to 8 enteroviruses in the serum of 2 patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia, and postulated this as a possible explanation for the ability of such patients to react normally to viruses whereas they are repeatedly infected by bacteria.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of echoviruses have produced inapparent infections in monkeys, with mild lesions in the CNS (105). In the chimpanzee, no apparent illness is produced, but infection can be demonstrated by the presence and persistence of virus in the throat and in the feces and by type-specific antibody responses (37). Initially, echoviruses were distinguished from coxsackieviruses by their failure to produce pathological changes in newborn mice, but some strains of echovirus 9 can produce paralysis in newborn mice; this ability led to the early classification of these strains as coxsackievirus A23.…”
Section: Properties Of the Enterovirusesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even with only 50 to 100 plaque-forming units (PFU) as challenge virus, complete plaque reduction was almost never achieved. In tube neutralization tests, Pesascek antiserum that failed to neutralize homologous virus readily neutralized a related strain (DuToit), indicating that the antiserum was potent (2,10,12,15,25,30).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%