The Inference‐Based Approach (IBA) to the Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: An Open Trial Across Symptom Subtypes and Treatment‐Resistant Cases

Aardema, Frederick; O’Connor, Kieron; Delorme, Marie-Eve; Audet, Jean‐Sébastien

doi:10.1002/cpp.2024

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…To our knowledge, the current study is the only study to have used both a longitudinal design and hierarchical multiple regression analyses to explore whether treatment‐related improvements in OCD beliefs would predict improvements in specific OCD symptom dimensions (independent of improvements in depressive symptoms). This extends on previous research by Aardema, O'Connor, Delorme, and Audet () who reported that participants receiving treatment for OCD demonstrated treatment‐related improvement on all OCD belief domains regardless of their primary OCD concern. In the current study, improvements in beliefs about the importance and control of thoughts significantly predicted improvements in repugnant obsessions, a finding largely consistent with cross‐sectional data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Reduced fear‐of‐self is associated with improvement in concerns related to repugnant obsessions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Aardema

Wong

Audet

et al. 2018

British J Clinic Psychol

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Objective. The potential causal and maintaining role of vulnerable self-themes and beliefs about the self in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have received increasing attention from cognitive-behavioural theorists. This interest was translated into the development of a self-report measurement of the feared self (the fear of who one might be or become), a construct theoretically and empirically pertinent to unwanted thoughts and impulses in OCD (i.e., repugnant obsessions).Method. The current study aimed to provide converging evidence on the relevance of the feared self in OCD, by examining whether improvements in symptoms associated with repugnant obsessions (measured on the Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory [VOCI] obsessions subscale) would be predicted by reduced feared selfperceptions (measured on the Fear-of-Self Questionnaire [FSQ]) in a sample of 93 patients receiving psychotherapy for OCD.Results. Using a series of hierarchical linear regression models, we found that treatment-related reductions on the FSQ significantly and uniquely predicted reductions on the VOCI obsessions subscale and the contamination subscale.Conclusions. The current study thus replicated previous research suggesting the relevance of the feared possible self in psychological disorders such as OCD, where negative self-perception is a dominant theme. Practitioner pointsCurrent results suggest that changes in feared self-perceptions may be the mechanism through which OCD symptoms improve via therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Reduced fear‐of‐self is associated with improvement in concerns related to repugnant obsessions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Aardema

Wong

Audet

et al. 2018

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…This measure was designed specifically for the study and was inspired by the postulate of cognitive theory according to which change in cognition brings change in emotions and behaviors ( 8 ). Many other studies have used this methodology ( 24 , 25 ) and this type of measure has been previously validated ( 26 ). The idiosyncratic measure asks participants to name the thoughts that would be targeted by APAP and to rate the degree of conviction in each thought in percentage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmentation of Psychotherapy through Alternative Preconscious Priming: A Case Series Exploring Effects on Residual Symptoms

et al. 2017

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The current paper describes a case series using a new strategy for facilitating change based on Augmentation of Psychotherapy through Alternative Preconscious Priming (APAP) (1) in the treatment of eight treatment-resistant patients suffering from social phobia or generalized anxiety disorder. The patients had previously only shown a partial response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) despite good treatment adherence. The patients completed APAP using a computerized program, which consisted of three steps during which alternative, more functional thoughts and beliefs relevant to the idiosyncratic difficulties experienced by the patients were formulated. Subsequently, these formulations were recorded and mixed with masking relaxing music, which the patient listened to in a passive state twice daily for 20 min for a period of 8 weeks. This case series aimed to assess the effect and acceptability of APAP using quantitative and qualitative measures administered before, after, and 16 weeks’ posttreatment. Results showed a reduction in dysfunctional idiosyncratic thoughts reported by most patients, as well as mild improvements in anxiety and important improvements in quality of life. APAP could be a valuable addition to CBT by facilitating or enhancing cognitive and symptom change. Further studies are needed to confirm these promising results.

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“…Inference‐based therapy is designed to ameliorate doxastic obsessions by identifying bad inferences that produce or sustain these obsessions (Clark & O'Connor, , p. 152–153). Practitioners help patients resist these inferences by redirecting the patient's attention to more relevant evidence, drawing out the differences between inferences made in obsessive and nonobsessive contexts, and replacing obsessive narratives with more plausible nonobsessive narratives (Clark & O'Connor, , p. 165–169; Julien et al, , p. 189–190; Aardema et al, ).…”

Section: Ct As An Antidote To Level Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional CTs are remarkably effective (McKay et al, ), and emerging treatments such as inference‐based therapy are promising (Aardema et al, ). In what follows, I offer a philosophical account that helps explain why these CTs work as well as they do.…”

Section: Ct As An Antidote To Level Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obsessive–compulsive akrasia

Kampa

2019

Mind & Language

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Epistemic akrasia is the phenomenon of voluntarily believing what you think you should not. Whether epistemic akrasia is possible is a matter of controversy. I argue that at least some people who suffer from obsessivecompulsive disorder are genuinely epistemically akratic. I advance an account of epistemic akrasia that explains the clinical data and provides broader insight into the nature of doxastic attitude-formation.

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The Inference‐Based Approach (IBA) to the Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: An Open Trial Across Symptom Subtypes and Treatment‐Resistant Cases

Cited by 22 publications

References 80 publications

Reduced fear‐of‐self is associated with improvement in concerns related to repugnant obsessions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Reduced fear‐of‐self is associated with improvement in concerns related to repugnant obsessions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Augmentation of Psychotherapy through Alternative Preconscious Priming: A Case Series Exploring Effects on Residual Symptoms

Obsessive–compulsive akrasia

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