The inflorescence architecture in Nidularioid genera: Understanding the structure of congested inflorescences in Bromeliaceae

Nogueira, Fernanda Mayara; Palombini, Felipe Luis; Kuhn, Sofia Aumond; Rua, Gabriel Hugo; Mariath, Jorge Ernesto de Araújo

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2021.151934

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The aggregation of (partial) inflorescences in some Bromeliaceae allows for flower enclosure by enlarged bracts. These serve as canisters for rainwater, which is necessary for heat transfer and proper floral development ( Nogueira et al , 2019 , 2021 ), but also create showy display for pollinators. Similar elongated bracts evolved in some Himalayan genera of Asteraceae, such as Cremanthodium Benth.…”

Section: Ecological Patterns In Pseudanthiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review

Baczyński

Claßen‐Bockhoff

2023

Annals of Botany

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Background Pseudanthia or ‘false flowers’ are multiflowered units that resemble solitary flowers in form and function. Over the last century the term ‘pseudanthium’ has been applied to a wide array of morphologically divergent blossoms, ranging from those with easily noticeable florets to derived, reduced units in which individual flowers become almost indistinguishable. And although initially admired mostly by botanists, the diversity and widespread distribution of pseudanthia across angiosperms has already made them a fascinating topic for evolutionary and developmental comparative studies. Scope This review synthesizes historical and current concepts on the biology of pseudanthia. Our first aim is to establish a clear, operational definition of pseudanthium and disentangle common terminological misconceptions surrounding that term. Our second aim is to summarize the knowledge of morphological and developmental diversity of pseudanthia and embed it within a modern phylogenetic framework. Lastly, we want to provide a comprehensive overview on the evolution and ecological importance of pseudanthia and outline perspectives for future studies. Conclusions The understanding of pseudanthia changed multiple times and reflects three different interpretations of their ‘flower-like’ qualities: developmental (similarity in structure), figural (similarity in form and function), and phylogenetic (homology between angiosperm flowers and monoecious reproductive shoots in gymnosperms). Here, we propose to narrow the term pseudanthium to multiflowered blossoms resembling zoophilous flowers in form, i.e., in being structurally subdivided in a showy periphery and a reproductive center. According to this definition, pseudanthia sensu stricto. evolved independently in at least 40 angiosperm families. The recurrent acquisition of pseudanthia sensu stricto in all major lineages of flowering plants indicates repeated interactions between developmental constraints (smallness of flowers, meristematic conditions) and selective pressures, such as demands of pollinators and/or environmental conditions.

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Section: Ecological Patterns In Pseudanthiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review

Baczyński

Claßen‐Bockhoff

2023

Annals of Botany

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“…Typical spikelets of Poales lack a terminal flower (Eiten, 1976;Vrijdaghs et al, 2010;Kellogg, 2015), unless the problematic reproductive structures of Cyperaceae-Mapanioideae are interpreted as partial inflorescences (Richards et al, 2006;Vrijdaghs et al, 2006;Prychid and Bruhl, 2013;Monteiro et al, 2016). In the biotically pollinated families Bromeliaceae, Eriocaulaceae, and Xyridaceae, the inflorescences are racemose and lack a terminal flower (Stützel, 1982;De Sousa et al, 2008;Remizowa et al, 2012;Nogueira et al, 2017Nogueira et al, , 2021. In Mayacaceae, the flowers are solitary and axillary (Oriani and Scatena, 2019).…”

Section: Spikelet Homologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower and Spikelet Construction in Rapateaceae (Poales)

et al. 2022

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The family Rapateaceae represents an early-divergent lineage of Poales with biotically pollinated showy flowers. We investigate developmental morphology and anatomy in all three subfamilies and five tribes of Rapateaceae to distinguish between contrasting hypotheses on spikelet morphology and to address questions on the presence of nectaries and gynoecium structure. We support an interpretation of the partial inflorescence (commonly termed spikelet), as a uniaxial system composed of a terminal flower and numerous empty phyllomes. A terminal flower in an inflorescence unit is an autapomorphic feature of Rapateaceae. The gynoecium consists of synascidiate, symplicate, and usually asymplicate zones, with gynoecium formation encompassing congenital and often also postgenital fusions between carpels. Species of Rapateaceae differ in the relative lengths of the gynoecial zones, the presence or absence of postgenital fusion between the carpels and placentation in the ascidiate or plicate carpel zones. In contrast with previous reports, septal nectaries are lacking in all species. The bird-pollinated tribe Schoenocephalieae is characterized by congenital syncarpy; it displays an unusual type of gynoecial (non-septal) nectary represented by a secretory epidermis at the gynoecium base.

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“…In Bromeliaceae, the biology of adaptations related to water-use strategies is extremely diverse, including not only leaf impounding tanks but also the mesophyll structure, photosynthetic pathways and trichomes ( Benzing 2000 ; Males 2016 ; Nogueira et al . 2019 , 2021 ). These adaptations, in turn, are related to the occupation of diverse niches, including epiphytic and lithophytic life forms, through an extensive process of adaptive radiation ( Benzing 2000 ; Givnish et al 2014 ; Males 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of secretion in floral bracts of Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae), with emphasis on the secretory scales

Ballego-Campos,

Forzza,

Paiva

2023

AoB PLANTS

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Bromeliaceae display many water-use strategies, from leaf impounding tanks to CAM photosynthesis and absorbing trichomes. Recent studies show that trichomes in inflorescences of bromeliads can exude viscous secretions, protecting against various stresses, including excessive water loss. In light of this, and considering the knowledge gap regarding inflorescence trichomes in bromeliads, we aimed to investigate the presence, source, and chemical nature of inflorescence secretions in species of the Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) and to describe the anatomy of their floral bracts focusing on trichome structure and position.We conducted a prospection of secretory activity and anatomy in floral bracts in 52 species of Tillandsioideae and one early-divergent Bromeliaceae species. We used histochemical tests to investigate the presence and nature of secretion combined with standard light microscopy methods. Secretion appears in all studied species of tribe Vrieseeae, in Guzmania species, Wallisia cyanea, Tillandsia streptopylla (Tillandsieae), and Catopsis morreniana (Catopsideae). It is absent in Vriesea guttata (Vrieseeae), Racinaea crispa, and various Tillandsia species (Tillandsieae). Secretion is produced by peltate trichomes on the adaxial surface of young bracts and comprises hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. Bract anatomy revealed an internal mucilage-secreting tissue with wide distribution within subtribe Vrieseinae. Our results point to a broad occurrence of secretion associated with bracteal scales in inflorescences of Tillandsioideae. Secretory function is strongly related to trichomes of the adaxial surface, whereas the indumentum of the abaxial side is lacking or likely associated with water absorption; the latter case is especially related to small, xeric plants. Exudates might engage in colleter-like roles, protecting against desiccation, high-radiation, and herbivores. Directions for future research are presented.

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The inflorescence architecture in Nidularioid genera: Understanding the structure of congested inflorescences in Bromeliaceae

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review

Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review

Flower and Spikelet Construction in Rapateaceae (Poales)

An overview of secretion in floral bracts of Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae), with emphasis on the secretory scales

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