The influence of a 1 h nap on performance overnight

Rogers, A. S.; Spencer, Michael B.; Stone, Barbara M.; Nicholson, A. N.

doi:10.1080/00140138908966890

Cited by 70 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In laboratory studies of naps at a similar time and of similar duration (Gillberg, 1984;Rogers et al, 1989;Sallinen et al, 1998), sleep efficiency (SE) is comparatively high (on average >70%), and significantly more SWS is typically obtained (>30% TST). These differences may be related to the physical sleeping environment and the particular context of sleeping at work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory-based studies have demonstrated improvement on some performance measures following 1-h naps at night (Gillberg, 1984;Rogers et al, 1989), while 30-50 min naps appear to limit, rather than reverse, performance decline across the night (Sallinen et al, 1998). Sleep opportunities later in the night contain more total sleep (Gillberg, 1984) more non-rapid eye movement stage 2 (S2), more slow wave sleep (SWS), have shorter latencies, and fewer awakenings (Sallinen et al, 1998) and may be more effective in maintaining alertness and performance (Gillberg, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scheduled napping as a countermeasure to sleepiness in air traffic controllers

Signal

Gander

Anderson³

et al. 2009

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMAR Y The aims of this study were to measure sleep during a planned nap on the night shift;and to use objective measures of performance and alertness to compare the effects of the nap opportunity versus staying awake. Twenty-eight air traffic controllers (mean age 36 years, nine women) completed four night shifts (two with early starts and two with late starts). Each type of night shift (early ⁄ late start) included a 40-min planned nap opportunity on one occasion and no nap on the other. Polysomnographic data were used to measure sleep and waking alertness [spectral power in the electroencephalogram (EEG) during the last hour of the night shift and the occurrence of slow rolling eye movements (SEMs) subsequent to the nap]. Psychomotor performance task [Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT)] was completed at the beginning and end of the shift, and after the nap (or an equivalent time if no nap was taken). Nap sleep latencies were relatively long (mean = 19 min) and total sleep time short (mean = 18 min), with minimal slow wave sleep (SWS, mean = 0%), and no rapid eye movement sleep. Nap sleep resulted in improved PVT performance (mean and slowest 10% of reaction time events), decreased spectral power in the EEG and reduced the likelihood of SEMs. The occurrence of SWS in the nap decreased spectral power in the EEG. This study indicates that although sleep taken at work is likely to be short and of poor quality it still results in an improvement in objective measures of alertness and performance.k e y w o r d s air traffic control, naps, neurophysiological alertness, night shift, psychomotor performance, within-subjects field study

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheduled napping as a countermeasure to sleepiness in air traffic controllers

Signal

Gander

Anderson³

et al. 2009

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…Caffeine impaired [67] or did not affect [68] the immediate reproduction of numbers when testing was performed during the night. A study including 40 subjects over the age of 65 tested immediate and delayed memory in tasks consisting of the recall and recognition of 16 words from four semantic categories.…”

Section: Influence Of Daytime and Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Is Caffeine a Cognitive Enhancer?

Nehlig

2010

JAD

313

252

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Abstract. The effects of caffeine on cognition were reviewed based on the large body of literature available on the topic. Caffeine does not usually affect performance in learning and memory tasks, although caffeine may occasionally have facilitatory or inhibitory effects on memory and learning. Caffeine facilitates learning in tasks in which information is presented passively; in tasks in which material is learned intentionally, caffeine has no effect. Caffeine facilitates performance in tasks involving working memory to a limited extent, but hinders performance in tasks that heavily depend on working memory, and caffeine appears to rather improve memory performance under suboptimal alertness conditions. Most studies, however, found improvements in reaction time. The ingestion of caffeine does not seem to affect long-term memory. At low doses, caffeine improves hedonic tone and reduces anxiety, while at high doses, there is an increase in tense arousal, including anxiety, nervousness, jitteriness. The larger improvement of performance in fatigued subjects confirms that caffeine is a mild stimulant. Caffeine has also been reported to prevent cognitive decline in healthy subjects but the results of the studies are heterogeneous, some finding no age-related effect while others reported effects only in one sex and mainly in the oldest population. In conclusion, it appears that caffeine cannot be considered a 'pure' cognitive enhancer. The indirect action of caffeine on arousal, mood and concentration contributes in large part to its cognitive enhancing properties.

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“…There is an abundance of evidence indicating that a mp taken during long periods of otherwise continuous wakefulness is extremely beneficial for improving alertness and performance (Akerstedt and Torsvall, 1985;Bonnet, 1990;Bonnet, 1991;Dinges et al, 1987;Dinges et al, 1988;Haslam, 1985;Lumley et aL, 1986;Matsumoto and Harada, 1994;Mullaney et al, 1983;Naitoh and Angus, 1989;Naitoh, Englund, and Ryman, 1982;Rogers et al, 1989;Rosa, 1993;Webb, 1987). Reviews of the literature indicate that napping is beneficial for maintaining mood and performance over a continuous wakefulness period.…”

Section: Naps and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%