The Influence of a Key Indicator kv on the Diffusion Range of Underwater Oil Spill

Abstract

As oil spills cause harm to the survival and environment of the ocean, the objective of the present paper is to study the oil migration range using the key indicator kv, which is defined as the ratio of oil spill speed to ocean current speed. The correctness of diffusion models created and estimated for subsea oil spills can be verified by experiments. We also considered the effect of key indicators on the horizontal and vertical dispersion ranges of oil spills. The study’s findings show that, under various kv settings, the horizontal and vertical spreading heights of oil spills both increase as kv rises. When kv is equal, the leakage velocity and water flow velocity increase synchronously, and over time, the horizontal distance and vertical diffusion height of the oil spill gradually increase. In the early stages of an oil spill, when kv = 50, 100, or 150, the vertical spreading velocity will rapidly decrease. The vertical spreading speed of spilled oil increases as kv rises when the water flow rate remains constant. The horizontal migration distance grows as kv decreases when the leakage rate is constant. Fitting curves for the vertical rise height and horizontal spreading distance for the same and various kv settings were also obtained in order to anticipate the migration mode of oil spills. This is critical for dealing with environmental damage caused by maritime oil spills, as well as emergency responses.

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“…These equations encompass principles for mass, momentum, energy, and component conservation. Furthermore, a set of partial differential equations was employed to depict the flow process in the cylinder [29].…”

“…In the realm of classical fluid mechanics, the principle of mass conservation dictates that an increase in the mass of a particular fluid component over a given period is equivalent to the net influx of mass into that component during the corresponding interval of time. The equation is as follows [29,30]:…”

“…where p is density, t is time, u j is the fluid's speed component of the fluid in the x j direction, S m is the quality source term, and ∂ ∂x j (pu j ) is the tensor sign. The value of the tensor sign can be written as follows [29]:…”

“…This fundamental concept underscores the profound relationship between forces and the dynamic behavior of fluids. The equation embodying momentum preservation is written as follows [29]:…”

“…The principle of energy conservation asserts that the pace at which energy within a specific entity is increased is equal the cumulative heat influx into the entity along with the mechanical work carried out by both physical and surface forces upon the entity. The expression of the law of energy conservation can be written as follows [29]:…”