The Influence of a Psychology and Law Class on Legal Attitudes and Knowledge Structures

Laub, Cindy; Maeder, Evelyn M.; Bornstein, Brian H.

doi:10.1080/00986281003626532

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This article builds on the work done by Smith et al (2020) in proposing amendments to the Home Office (2003) voice parade procedures through improved understanding of system variables (Wells, 1978), that is, variables that are controllable by law enforcement. Importantly, while the focus of this article is centred on using the guidelines developed for use in England and Wales, the conclusions of this body of research are relevant to all jurisdictions where earwitness evidence is admitted as evidence; this includes much of Europe, the United States, Australia, and Canada (Broeders & van Amelsvoort, 2001; Cantone, 2010; Laub et al, 2013; McGorrery & McMahon, 2017). The present article focuses on providing evidence-based recommendations for the system variables of parade size and the voice sample duration .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying unfamiliar voices: Examining the system variables of sample duration and parade size

Pautz

McDougall

Mueller‐Johnson

et al. 2023

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Voice identification parades can be unreliable due to the error-prone nature of earwitness responses. UK government guidelines recommend that voice parades should have nine voices, each played for 60 seconds. This makes parades resource-consuming to construct. In the present paper we conducted two experiments to see if voice parade procedures could be simplified. In Experiment 1 (N=271, 135F), we investigated if reducing the duration of the voice samples on a nine-voice parade would negatively affect identification performance using both conventional logistic and signal detection approaches. In Experiment 2 (N=270, 136F), we first explored if the same sample duration conditions used in Experiment 1 would lead to different outcomes if we reduced the parade size to include only six voices. Following this, we pooled the data from both experiments to investigate the influence of target-position effects. The results show that 15s sample durations result in statistically equivalent voice identification performance to the longer 60s sample durations, but that the 30s sample duration suffers in terms of overall signal sensitivity. This pattern of results was replicated using both a nine- and a six-voice parade. Performance on target-absent parades were at chance-levels in both parade sizes and response criteria were mostly liberal. Additionally, unwanted position effects were present. The results provide initial evidence that the sample duration used in a voice parade may be reduced, but we argue that the guidelines recommending a parade with nine-voices should be maintained to provide additional protection for a potentially innocent suspect given the low target-absent accuracy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying unfamiliar voices: Examining the system variables of sample duration and parade size

Pautz

McDougall

Mueller‐Johnson

et al. 2023

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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show abstract

“…Consistent with what we have already reviewed, her research revealed that courses covered 32 topics ranging from general review and theory to criminal, civil, and broader legal issues. Laub, Maeder, and Bornstein (2010) recently found that participating in a psychology and law course enhanced students’ knowledge of psycholegal topics, but also shifted their attitudes toward the legal system, highlighting the need for instructors to be conscious of such effects. (See also Mandracchia, Shaw, & Morgan, 2013.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A historical review and resource guide to the scholarship of teaching and training in psychology and law and forensic psychology.

Najdowski¹,

Bottoms²,

Stevenson³

et al. 2015

Training and Education in Professional Psychology

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The field of psychology and law, including forensic psychology, is an exciting concentration of research activity and student training and has grown rapidly, but to what extent have teaching and training efforts in the field been systematically catalogued and evaluated? We conducted a historical review and content analysis of the American and Canadian literature on the scholarship of teaching and training in the field. This review catalogs (a) information related to the development of training and teaching, (b) descriptions of programs and courses at various levels, and (c) articles on teaching resources or techniques in this field. We hope it serves as a useful guide to the literature resources for those in the field and a catalyst for future interest in this area of scholarship, especially for future evaluations of teaching and training.

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“…For example, enrolment in higher education can reduce prejudice towards social groups such as the poor (Sword and others, ) and minority groups such as gays and lesbians (Case and Stewart, ). Academic training can positively affect awareness of psychological factors and their influence on individual behaviour (Laub and others, ). Higher education affects individual choices such as the preferred number of children (fertility rate) (Yu and others, ).…”

Section: The Pervasive Influence Of Higher Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Cultural Orientation and Higher Education on Young Israeli Jewish and Arab Adults’ Notion of the Adaptive Adult

Guy

2015

Children & Society

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This quantitative study compares young adults’ notions of the adaptive adult prior to becoming parents in Israel together with the moderating effect of academic education and culture on these notions. Participants were drawn from Israel's two largest ethnic groups: Jews and Muslims. The research findings indicate that each group's ideal image of the adaptive adult is constructed prior to parenthood. The findings may also indicate acculturation process among Muslim Arabs in Israel who are exposed to individualistic values (Israeli Jewish society). This process may modify personal values and preference regarding the ideal adaptive adult in order to integrate themselves and their future offspring into that society. This trend was found to be more common among highly educated members of the collectivist society.

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The Influence of a Psychology and Law Class on Legal Attitudes and Knowledge Structures

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Identifying unfamiliar voices: Examining the system variables of sample duration and parade size

Identifying unfamiliar voices: Examining the system variables of sample duration and parade size

A historical review and resource guide to the scholarship of teaching and training in psychology and law and forensic psychology.

The Impact of Cultural Orientation and Higher Education on Young Israeli Jewish and Arab Adults’ Notion of the Adaptive Adult

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