The influence of age and osteoporosis on bone marrow stem cells from rats

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the effect of age and osteoporosis on the proliferative and differentiating capacity of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in female rats. We also discuss the role of these factors on expression and migration of cells along the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4) / stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1) axis.MethodsMesenchymal stem cells were harvested from the femora of young, adult, and osteopenic Wistar rats. Cluster of differentiation (CD) marker and CXCR-4 expression was measured using flow cytometry. Cellular proliferation was measured using Alamar Blue, osteogenic differentiation was measured using alkaline phosphatase expression and alizarin red production, and adipogenic differentiation was measured using Oil red O. Cells were incubated in Boyden chambers to quantify their migration towards SDF-1. Data was analyzed using a Student’s t-test, where p-values < 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsCD marker expression and proliferation of the MSCs from the three groups was not significantly different. The young MSCs demonstrated significantly increased differentiation into bone and fat and superior migration towards SDF-1. The migration of SDF-1 doubled with young rats compared with the adult rats (p = 0.023) and it was four times higher when compared with cells isolated from ovariectomized (OVX) osteopenic rats (p = 0.013).ConclusionYoung rat MSCs are significantly more responsive to osteogenic differentiation, and, contrary to other studies, also demonstrated increased adipogenic differentiation compared with cells from adult and ostopenic rats. Young-rat-derived cells also showed superior migration towards SDF-1 compared with MSCs from OVX and adult control rats.Cite this article: A. Sanghani-Kerai, L. Osagie-Clouard, G. Blunn, M. Coathup. The influence of age and osteoporosis on bone marrow stem cells from rats. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:289–297. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.74.BJR-2017-0302.R1.

The Influence of PTH 1-34 on the Osteogenic Characteristics of Adipose and Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cells from Juvenile and Ovarectomized Rats

“…In my study this finding may be explained by the use of the cells at passage 3 particularly as previous work has demonstrated a reduction in CD34 expression at later passage (11). The lack of difference between OVX and juvenile derived cells and CD markers, is in keeping with other work (21), that being said, the marker heterogeneity in study methodologies means only a limited inference can be made between the expression of CD markers, and the in vivo/in vitro activity of cells and as such, the value of marker expression cannot be taken in isolation. Similarly, the value of morphology is limited in isolation, though we found no difference morphologically between adipose or bone marrow derived cells, both demonstrating the same spindle like phenotype from juvenile populations, and both moved morphologically to a more flattened phenotype from aged and ovx animals.…”

Gut microbiome and osteoporosis

“… 17 More recently, it has been shown that the development of OP is influenced by the gut microbiome. 10 Many studies 11 – 14 , 18 – 20 have also displayed the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of OP.…”

Mesenchymal stem cells: amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects

“…Osteoporosis cause bone mineral density (BMD) loss and the degradation of the bone microstructure due to an abnormal imbalance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts [ 128 , 129 ]. Additionally, MSCs population in the BM are declined with aging; thus, their function will be limited and they cannot contribute to bone formation any longer [ 130 ]. Osteoporosis is of great importance mostly because of its effect on bone fragility.…”