The influence of alkane chain length on the skin irritation potential of 1,2-alkanediols

Abstract

Several studies have reported that 1,2-alkanediols show increasing anti-microbial activity as their alkane chain length increases. However, there are no reports on the influence of alkane chain length on the skin irritation potential of 1,2-alkanediols. To investigate the influence of alkane chain length on the skin irritation potential of 1,2-alkanediols. The objective and subjective (sensory) skin irritation potentials of five 1,2-alkanediols - 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol and 1,2-decanediol - were evaluated. We also estimated percutaneous absorption by measuring in vitro skin penetration using a Franz diffusion cell system. Like anti-microbial activity, sensory irritation potential increased as alkane chain length increased, most likely due to increasing membrane interference and/or intrinsic toxicity of 1,2-alkanediols. 1,2-Hexanediol showed the lowest objective skin irritation potential, which increased when the alkane chain length decreased or increased. Furthermore, percutaneous absorption negatively correlated with the alkane chain length of 1,2-alkanediols. These results show that a lower skin absorption potential is not indicative of a low skin irritation potential. Our results suggest that the factors and processes involved in skin irritation potential are complex and that skin irritation potential is influenced by intrinsic toxicity and the potential for penetration or integration in the lipid bilayer.

A randomized, investigator‐blinded efficacy assessment study of stand‐alone emollient use in mild to moderately severe atopic dermatitis flares

“…In view of the relevance of S.aureus colonization for disease exacerbation and chronicity, the reduction in the bacterial density in result of emollient use is an important finding of our study. In addition to direct S.aureus targeting by decanediol, the active antimicrobial component of the AC formulation, the observed effects may have been further enhanced by the improvement of the compromised barrier conditions through reduction in the lesional severity, decrease in TEWL and increase in skin hydration …”

Food-grade antimicrobials potentiate the antibacterial activity of 1,2-hexanediol

“…; Lee et al . ). 1,2‐Hexanediol has been used in the cosmetics industry as a chemical retardation (Li et al .…”

Conformational preferences and antimicrobial activities of alkanediols

“…In particular, they do not need higher cost as much as 1,2-alkanediols with straight alkyl chains because they can be obtained easily from glycerol. In addition, Lee et al reported that the skin irritation potential of 1,2-alkanediol increased as the alkane chain became longer and that 1,2-hexanediol showed the lowest objective skin irritation potential [13]. http Considerable experimental [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and computational [18,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] studies have been performed to investigate the conformational preferences of 1,2-ethanediol and 1,2-propanediol, especially in terms of the intramolecular H-bond between two vicinal OH groups.…”