The influence of anaesthetics on the haematology of the patas monkey, <i>Erythrocebus patas</i>

Hawkey, Christine; Dean, S.; Hart, M.G.

doi:10.1258/002367778780936386

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Bernnett et al [1992] have shown that the capture and handling of laboratory-raised rhesus macaques (M. mulatta) leads to an increase of circulatory erythrocytes following release of RBCs from the spleen, and to leukocytosis due to the redistribution of cells of the marginal pool. Stress-related hematological changes have been observed in the patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas) [Hawkey et al, 1978] and Tonkean macaque (M. tonkeana) [Thierry & Imbs, 2000]. The influence of stress on homeostatic responses was not measured in this study.…”

Section: Handling Stressmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The most stressful aspect of trapping-being restrained for the injection of the ketamine anesthetic-was very brief (normallyo2 min), and was followed immediately by sedation from the drug. Ketamine is known to reverse alarm reactions, and to minimize the effect of stress and consequent changes in hematology [Bernnett et al, 1992;Hawkey et al, 1978].…”

Section: Reduction Of Excitement During Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka

Ekanayake

Horadagoda

Sanjeevani

et al. 2003

American J Primatol

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Hematological studies were conducted in three wild groups of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) inhabiting the Polonnaruwa Sanctuary in northeastern Sri Lanka. The macaques were temporarily trapped and anesthetized, and femoral blood was drawn from 35 males and 37 females (age range: 0.33-24.5 yr). Statistically significant (P<0.05) differences were observed by sex for total plasma proteins (PP), and by age for red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), PP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), differential and absolute neutrophil counts, differential lymphocyte counts, and absolute eosinophil counts. In general, the results were similar to those reported for other species of colony-bred and free-ranging macaques. However, there also were differences. First, in contrast to earlier studies of nonhuman primates, we examined the hematology of infants. Compared to other age classes, infants (<1 yr old) had lower RBC, Hb, MCHC, and ESR values, and a higher MCV. These findings were similar to those obtained in human infants. Second, we observed variations in hematology among social groups in relation to their ecology. Two groups (IH3 and M3) had ready access to water throughout the dry season (the period of sampling), whereas the third group (J) did not. The Hb, RBC, and PP values obtained in groups IH3 and M3 were similar to those reported in other macaque species. However, these parameters in group J were significantly (P<0.01) higher, which suggests that this group (representing about 26% of the sample) had been dehydrated during the dry season. Finally, two indices indicative of injury and infection--the ESR and leukocyte counts--were higher in the wild toque macaques than has been reported for other species of macaques held in captivity, and about 15% of the toque macaques sampled had extreme outlier values for these parameters; however, none were visibly ill or died. These results suggest that wild toque macaques are subject to a wide array of physical and biological insults that are unique to natural populations.

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Section: Handling Stressmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Reduction Of Excitement During Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka

Ekanayake

Horadagoda

Sanjeevani

et al. 2003

American J Primatol

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“…Though we attempt to minimize stress, the capture procedure is stressful for them, with implications for blood analysis. However, ketamine reduces the effect of stress and consequent changes in hematology (Bernnett et al, 1992;Hawkey et al, 1978). After we anesthetize individuals, we transport them in a pick-up truck to the primate center for veterinary examination and blood sampling.…”

Section: Capture Anesthesia and Blood Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematology of a Semi-Free-Ranging Colony of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

et al. 2006

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We examined hematological parameters for a semifree-ranging population of mandrills to investigate the influence of age and sex, and to establish normative values for age-sex classes. We also investigated the influence of the reproductive cycle on hematological parameters in females and the influence of seasonality on both sexes. We examined hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, white cell count, red cell count, hematocrit, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and differential white cell counts, with a total of 459 observations. Red cell counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit are significantly lower in females than in males, while female white cell counts are significantly higher. Platelet and white cell counts both decreased with age, while MCV and MCHC (males only) increased with age. Absolute lymphocyte counts also decreased with age. Female reproductive status had little effect on hematology, but melengestrol acetate contraceptive implants resulted in significant increases in hemoglobin, white cell count, red cell count, and hematocrit. Finally, lymphocyte counts increased significantly during the wet season in comparison with dry months, which may be related to increased parasite infection during the wet season. We compare our findings to those for other Setchell, Tshipamba, Bourry, Rouquet, Wickings, and Knapp species, and discuss age-sex patterns in light of mandrill life history. Our results demonstrate the importance of including age-sex class, female reproductive status, and season in studies of hematology and will be useful in further studies of the colony.

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“…Although ketamine is known for its impact on the coagulation system, the amount used was 1 mg/kg, while the usual dosage for anesthesia is 5‐25 mg/kg. Previously published reports also addressed that low dose ketamine can be used safely in laboratory animals without significant impact on coagulation system …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation biomarkers in healthy male Cynomolgus macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Rhu

Lee

Kim

et al. 2018

Xenotransplantation

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We designed this study to define reference values of the cynomolgus monkey coagulation system, as the normal range of values has not been established. Measurement of coagulation function was determined by testing plasma samples from 30 healthy male cynomolgus monkeys. Prothrombin time (PT), PT activity, PT international normalized ratio (INR), activated prothrombin time (aPTT), antithrombin III activity, factor II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII, protein C activity, protein S activity, and d-dimer were measured using standardized techniques. Mean age and body weight were 69.5 ± 11.8 months and 5.3 ± 0.8 kg, respectively. The mean PT, PT activity, PT INR, aPTT, and antithrombin III activities were 11.72 seconds (95% CI = 10.55-12.88), 143.4% (95% CI = 102.0-184.9), 0.85 (95% CI = 0.74-0.96), 28.2 seconds (95% CI = 23.24-33.09), and 99.7% (95% CI = 79.2-120.3), respectively. The mean activities of factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII were 110.2% (95% CI = 88.8-131.5), 134.1% (95% CI = 73.0-195.2), 318.9% (95% CI = 185.0-452.9) 160.2% (95% CI = 96.9-261.3), 38.0% (95% CI = 20.9-55.1), 85.7% (95% CI = 61.4-110.0), 155.0% (95% CI = 81.4-228.6), and 353.7% (95% CI = 246.7-460.6), respectively. The mean activities of protein C and protein S were 195.7% (95% CI = 133.4-258.0) and 122.7% (95% CI = 83.2-162.3), respectively. The mean level of d-dimer was 1.80 μg/mL (95% CI = 0.27-3.33). Factors V (P = 0.008), IX (P = 0.002), and XI (P = 0.002), and protein S activity (P = 0.025) were positively correlated with age. Our study presented the baseline values of coagulation biomarkers of cynomolgus monkeys. Despite the similarity to previous published studies, more data are required to elucidate the age effect on coagulation biomarkers.

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The influence of anaesthetics on the haematology of the patas monkey, Erythrocebus patas

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka

Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka

Hematology of a Semi-Free-Ranging Colony of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

Coagulation biomarkers in healthy male Cynomolgus macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

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