The influence of Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos) and dihydrochalcones on adrenal steroidogenesis: Quantification of steroid intermediates and end products in H295R cells

Schloms, Lindie; Storbeck, Karl-Heinz; Swart, Pieter; Gelderblom, W.C.A.; Swart, Amanda C.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.11.003

Cited by 77 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…In addition, A-dione and T transformation into estrogens by aromatase, E1 and E2 metabolism by CYP19A1, and 21-hydroxylation of 17a-OH-Prog by CYP21A2 were also found. 21,22,35 7a-OH-A-dione and 7a-OH-T, which were detected in this study, but have not been previously identified in humans, have been reported to be produced by CYP2A1 in rat testes. 36 Furthermore, whether 4-and 16a-hydroxylation of A-dione, which was present in considerable amounts in the urine, are catalyzed by CYP3A4 or another enzyme in FIGURE 2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…38 Furthermore, a significant increase in androstenedione 11b-hydroxylation may be attributable to PXR activation through rifampicin, which is associated with an upregulation of CYP11B1. 35,39 Differences between the 2 groups with regard to 4-and 16a-hydroxylation of A-dione were also seen, but these effects of rifampicin have not been previously reported. However, measurement of these factors could be used to further implicate altered steroid metabolism by the CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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GC-MS–Based Quantitative Signatures of Cytochrome P450–Mediated Steroid Oxidation Induced by Rifampicin

Moon

Kang

Lee

et al. 2013

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

GC-MS–Based Quantitative Signatures of Cytochrome P450–Mediated Steroid Oxidation Induced by Rifampicin

Moon

Kang

Lee

et al. 2013

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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“…Scholms et al . (), revealed in an in vitro study that H295R cells (a human adrenal carcinoma cell line, capable of producing many steroids) exposed to 1 mg ml −1 unfermented rooibos, and dihydrochalcones (10 μ m aspalathin or 10 μ m notofagin) for 48 h had significantly decreased steroid levels (such as A4 and testosterone). Flavonoids such as daidzein, genistein and apigenin exposed individually or as a mixture to H295R cells for 24 h also caused a significant dose‐dependent inhibition of testosterone secretion (Ohlsson et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivoeffects ofAspalathus linearis(rooibos) on male rat reproductive functions

Opuwari

Monsees

2013

Andrologia

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Aspalathus linearis (rooibos tea) may improve sperm function owing to its antioxidant properties. To test this hypothesis, male rats were given 2% or 5% rooibos tea for 52 days. No significant alterations were observed in body and reproductive organs weight, serum antioxidant capacity and testosterone level. Seminiferous tubules displayed complete spermatogenesis. However, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in tubule diameter and germinal epithelial height was observed. Epithelial height of caput epididymides showed a significant increase. Unfermented rooibos significantly enhanced sperm concentration, viability and motility. Fermented rooibos also significantly improved sperm vitality (P < 0.01), but caused a significant increase in spontaneous acrosome reaction (P < 0.05), whereas unfermented did not. Creatinine was significantly enhanced in all treated rats, consistent with significant higher kidney weights. Rooibos significantly reduced alanine transaminase level, while 2% fermented rooibos significantly decreased aspartate transaminase level (P < 0.01). In conclusion, treatment with rooibos improved sperm concentration, viability and motility, which might be attributed to its high level of antioxidants. However, prolonged exposure of rooibos might result in subtle structural changes in the male reproductive system and may induce acrosome reaction, which can impair fertility. Intake of large amounts of rooibos may also harm liver and kidney function.

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“…This metabolite was previously thought to be a “waste product” of adrenal androgen production [34-36]. However, 11β-hydroxylation of androstenedione, catalyzed by CYP11B1, forms 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, a precursor to an alternative pathway to active 11-oxygenated androgens [37, 38] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Overview Of Adrenal Steroidogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Monogenic Disorders of Adrenal Steroidogenesis

2018

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Disorders of adrenal steroidogenesis comprise autosomal recessive conditions affecting steroidogenic enzymes of the adrenal cortex. Those are located within the 3 major branches of the steroidogenic machinery involved in the production of mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. This mini review describes the principles of adrenal steroidogenesis, including the newly appreciated 11-oxygenated androgen pathway. This is followed by a description of pathophysiology, biochemistry, and clinical implications of steroidogenic disorders, including mutations affecting cholesterol import and steroid synthesis, the latter comprising both mutations affecting steroidogenic enzymes and co-factors required for efficient catalysis. A good understanding of adrenal steroidogenic pathways and their regulation is crucial as the basis for sound management of these disorders, which in the majority present in early childhood.

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The influence of Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos) and dihydrochalcones on adrenal steroidogenesis: Quantification of steroid intermediates and end products in H295R cells

Cited by 77 publications

References 58 publications

GC-MS–Based Quantitative Signatures of Cytochrome P450–Mediated Steroid Oxidation Induced by Rifampicin

GC-MS–Based Quantitative Signatures of Cytochrome P450–Mediated Steroid Oxidation Induced by Rifampicin

In vivoeffects ofAspalathus linearis(rooibos) on male rat reproductive functions

Monogenic Disorders of Adrenal Steroidogenesis

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