The influence of axial length on retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and optic-disc size measurements by spectral-domain OCT

Savini, Giacomo; Barboni, Piero; Parisi, Vincenzo; Carbonelli, Michele

doi:10.1136/bjo.2010.196782

Cited by 183 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…All of the aforementioned studies utilized Stratus-OCT to take the measurements. As previously reported by Savini et al, 4 the Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus-OCT should behave similarly, when AL-induced ocular magni¯cation is accounted for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…2 Wang et al 3 revealed that magni¯cation attributable to axial length (AL) and refractive error has minimal impact on measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in 120 children, but they asserted that transverse measurements such as optic disc diameter should be corrected by magni¯cation effect. However, other studies conducted in adults 4,5 and children 6,7 found that AL [4][5][6][7] and refractive error 5,6,8 in°uence the measurements of OCT. The studies mentioned earlier [4][5][6][7][8] referred that AL-related ocular magni¯cation should be taken into account to ensure better accuracy in the measurements made with OCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, other studies conducted in adults 4,5 and children 6,7 found that AL [4][5][6][7] and refractive error 5,6,8 in°uence the measurements of OCT. The studies mentioned earlier [4][5][6][7][8] referred that AL-related ocular magni¯cation should be taken into account to ensure better accuracy in the measurements made with OCT. Previous studies used time domain OCT (Stratus OCT); however, spectral domain (SD-OCT) such as Cirrus HD-OCT o®ers a higher axial resolution and scanning speed than conventional time-domain techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The authors revealed that AL in°uences measurements of both RNFL thickness and ONH parameters and suggested caution when measurements of myopic and hyperopic eyes were compared with the normative database of the instrument. 4 Huynh et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these di®erences disappeared after correction of magni¯cation. 6 Savini et al 4 used the magni¯cation correction for evaluating RNFL thickness and ONH parameters (optic-disc area and rim area) in 45 healthy adults (mean age: 39.4 AE 7.2 years), dividing their sample into three groups according to AL as short, medium and long eyes. The authors revealed that AL in°uences measurements of both RNFL thickness and ONH parameters and suggested caution when measurements of myopic and hyperopic eyes were compared with the normative database of the instrument.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

Bueno-Gimeno

España‐Gregori

Gené-Sampedro

et al. 2017

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Purpose: The aim of this paper was to examine the distribution of macular, retinal nerve¯ber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic disc parameters of myopic and hyperopic eyes in comparison with emmetropic control eyes and to investigate their variation according to axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) in healthy children. Methods: This study included 293 pairs of eyes of 293 children (145 boys and 148 girls), ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. Subjects were divided according to SE in control (emmetropia, 99 children), myopia (100 children) and hyperopia (94 children) groups and according to axial AL in 68 short (<22.00 mm, 68), medium (from !22.00 mm to 25.00 mm, 189) and long eyes (>25.00 mm, 36). Macular parameters, RNFL thickness and optic disc morphology were assessed by the Cirrus TM HD-OCT. AL was measured using the IOL-Master system. Littmann's formula was used for calculating the corrected AL-related ocular magni¯cation. Results: Mean age (AE SD) was 10.84 AE 3.05 years; mean (AE SD) SE was þ0.14 AE 0.51 D (range from À8.75 to þ8.25 D) and mean AL (AE SD) was 23.12 AE 1.49. Average RNFL thickness, average macular thickness and macular volume decreased as AL and myopia increased. No correlations between AL/SE and optic disc parameters were found after correcting for magni¯cation e®ect. Conclusions: AL and refractive error a®ect measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in healthy children. To make a correct interpretation of OCT measurements, ocular magni¯cation e®ect should be taken into account by clinicians or OCT manufacturers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

Bueno-Gimeno

España‐Gregori

Gené-Sampedro

et al. 2017

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Association of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness With Brain Alterations in the Visual and Limbic Networks in Elderly Adults Without Dementia

et al. 2018

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Key Points Question Is the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness correlated with brain alterations in regions that are vulnerable to neurodegenerative processes? Findings Among 104 elderly people with dementia in this population-based study, a thicker RNFL was associated with a higher hippocampal fraction and better diffusion tensor imaging variables in the global and hippocampal part of the cingulum, 2 regions closely associated with the neurodegenerative processes of Alzheimer disease. Meaning The assessment of axonal thickness in the retina, which is a quick measurement to perform, may provide some elements of brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities at an early stage of neurodegeneration.

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Genetic and Environmental Factors Associated With the Ganglion Cell Complex in a Healthy Aging British Cohort

et al. 2017

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IMPORTANCE Measurement of ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness may be more sensitive than current methods for glaucoma diagnosis and research. However, little is known about the factors influencing GCC thickness in the general population.OBJECTIVES To investigate the heritability of and factors associated with GCC thickness in a healthy aging population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA cross-sectional twin study was conducted from August 27, 2014, to March 31, 2016, among 1657 participants of white British ancestry from the TwinsUK study cohort without ocular pathologic conditions. Heritability analyses were conducted in 1432 twins (426 monozygous and 290 dizygous pairs). Association analyses were performed using univariable and multivariable stepwise linear regression models, taking family structure into account. Heritability analyses were conducted using maximum likelihood structural equation twin modeling. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESParameters measured included GCC thickness, autorefraction, intraocular pressure, blood pressure, body mass index, and cholesterol, creatinine, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and urea levels. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. RESULTS Among the 1657 participants (mean [SD] age, 56.0 [15.3] years; 89.5% women and 10.5% men), the mean [SD] inner GCC thickness was 96.0 [7.6] μm (95% CI, 95.1-96.2). In multivariable modeling, the mean inner GCC thickness was associated with advancing age (β, -0.14; P < .001), increased body mass index (β, -0.15; P = .001), spherical equivalent (β, 0.70; P < .001), and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (β, 0.03; P = .02). A 1-U increase in age or body mass index was associated with a 0.14-μm and 0.15-μm decrease in GCC thickness, respectively (P < .001), while a 1-U increase in spherical equivalent or estimated glomerular filtration rate was associated with a 0.70-μm (P < .001) and 0.03-μm (P = .02) increase in GCC thickness, respectively. Ganglion cell complex thickness was not associated with sex, intraocular pressure, or diabetes. Age-adjusted GCC thickness was highly heritable, with additive genetic effects explaining 81% (95% CI, 78%-84%) of phenotypic variance and individual environmental factors explaining the remaining 19% (95% CI, 16%-22%).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Ganglion cell complex thickness appears to be highly heritable and further genetic analysis may help identify new biological pathways for glaucoma. The results suggest it may be important to account for age, body mass index, refractive error, and sex when using GCC thickness as a diagnostic tool. Replication of their results is required, as is further research to explain the association between renal function and GCC thickness.

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The influence of axial length on retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and optic-disc size measurements by spectral-domain OCT

Abstract: Axial length influences measurements of RNFL thickness and ONH parameters in healthy subjects. Caution is recommended when comparing the measured values of myopic and hyperopic eyes with the normative database of the instrument.

Cited by 183 publications

References 38 publications

Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

Association of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness With Brain Alterations in the Visual and Limbic Networks in Elderly Adults Without Dementia

Genetic and Environmental Factors Associated With the Ganglion Cell Complex in a Healthy Aging British Cohort

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