The influence of birch pollination on the adenoid size in children with intermittent allergic rhinitis

Paediatric rhinitis: position paper of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

“…There is a significant increase in adenoidal size during the pollen season in children with pollen-driven rhinitis (31). In a case series of 93 children aged 2-10 years referred to a sleep laboratory for polysomnography, sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome was strongly associated with the clinical history of nasal obstruction and AR (32).…”

Effect of adenoid hypertrophy and pulmonary function tests in children with mild asthma

“…[1,2] According to recent studies allergen presentation in allergic rhinitis may result in adenoid tissue growth. [3] Moreover adenoid hypertrophy has been detected in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. [4] Adenoid hypertrophy can result in respiratory flow disturbance, but can also present without any clinical and radiological signs.…”

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“…Many of the symptoms of AH and AR are similar and it is likely that only one condition is often recognized, which can lead to misdiagnosis and consequently wrong treatment. The causes of AH are not fully known but literature evidence suggests an association between AR and AH [1][2][3][4][5]. Modrzynski et al [3] showed that AH was more prevalent in children with AR and appear to have greater susceptibility to AH than non-allergic children [2].…”

“…It is known that children with allergic rhinitis (AR) are more susceptible to adenoidal hypertrophy (AH) than non-allergic children [1][2][3][4][5]. AR and AH in children are one of the most frequent disorders that Otolaryngologists encounter in their practice; both conditions have very similar clinical manifestations, mainly as nasal obstruction and snoring and are associated with impaired quality of life, failure to thrive and poor school performance [2,3,6,9]. Strong predictors of development of AR are genetic and environmental factors with a positive family history.…”