The influence of breast and artificial feeding oninfantile eczema

Grulee, Clifford G.; Sanford, Heyworth N.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(36)80058-4

Cited by 276 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…Against this background of breast milk significance, there is evidence that breastfeeding may protect against the development of asthma and allergic disease in children although this has been controversial since it was first observed more than eight decades ago [6,7] .…”

Section: Breastfeeding and Childhood Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding, Childhood Asthma, and Allergic Disease

Oddy¹

2017

Ann Nutr Metab

164

105

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The worldwide prevalence of childhood asthma has been increasing considerably, and the protection afforded by breastfeeding in its development has been the subject of controversy for more than 80 years. Previous systematic reviews have generally found a protective effect of breastfeeding on allergic outcomes, although many studies have methodological limitations. Although breastfeeding is protective against lower respiratory tract infection during infancy, such protection has not been demonstrated for asthma in all studies. Breastfeeding has health benefits for the mother and child. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of an infant's life, with continued breastfeeding for up to 2 years or longer, is recognized as the “gold” standard for infant feeding because human milk is uniquely suited to the human infant, and its nutritional content and bioactivity promote a healthy development. There is increasing concern that the practice of delaying complementary foods until 6 months may exacerbate the risk of allergic disease. Breast milk contains immunological components that protect against infections and allergic disease in infancy. The composition of human breast milk is complex, containing factors that interact with the infant immune system and intestinal milieu including allergens, cytokines, immunoglobulins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and chemokines. Transforming growth factor β is a cytokine in human milk involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, inflammation regulation, and oral tolerance development. Modern day society, with increased standards of hygiene, has changed the gut flora of Western infants, potentially impacting the risk of developing immune-mediated diseases including allergic disease and asthma. Microbial diversity is intrinsic to healthy immune maturation and function. Compared to breastfed infants, formula-fed infants had lower bacterial diversity and an altered intestinal microbiota in the first few weeks of life associated with an increased risk of eczema and asthma. Favorable gut colonization through continued breastfeeding may promote tolerance as well as protection when complementary feeding is initiated.

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Section: Breastfeeding and Childhood Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding, Childhood Asthma, and Allergic Disease

Oddy¹

2017

Ann Nutr Metab

164

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Biology, methodology, and a golden jubilee of controversy'' (17). The golden jubilee referred to the fact that 50 years had passed since the first claim that breastfeeding protected against infantile eczema was published in 1936 (18). This study was conducted long before IgE was discovered and we cannot know the true nature of this eczema.…”

Section: Does Breast-feeding Protect Against Allergy Development?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is there still confusion about the impact of breast-feeding on the risk of allergy development?

Wold

2006

Scandinavian Journal of Food and Nutrition

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“…La OMS recomienda la lactancia materna de forma exclusiva en los primeros 6 meses de vida y de forma complementaria con otros tipos de alimentos hasta los dos años (13,14). Se ha demostrado que la leche materna es un fluido cambiante que se adapta a las necesidades del bebé y que es eficaz en la prevención de infecciones (15,16), asma (17,18) y alergias (19). Además, numerosos estudios han descrito una prevalencia menor de obesidad infantil (20,21) y mayor capacidad de autorregulación de la ingesta (22) en los niños alimentados con lactancia materna durante sus primeros meses de vida.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Obesidad durante el embarazo y su influencia en el sobrepeso en la edad infantil

Aguilar-Cordero¹,

García²,

Sánchez-López³

2016

Nutr Hosp

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Key words:Maternal obesity. Breastfeeding. Childhood obesity. AbstractIntroduction: Obesity has become a chronic disease which prevalence is increasing exponentially in countries developed. Pregnant women with a higher body mass 30 kg/m² index have higher risk of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. Maternal obesity has negative consequences for the fetus, increasing the prevalence of macrosomia, decreasing breastfeeding and increased the risk of obesity childhood. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if the prevalence of Childhood obesity is associated to weight gain during pregnancy and the breastfeeding stage. Methodology: The design of this study is retrospective descriptive. It has been done in the city of Granada (Spain) between the months of October 2014 and June 2015. The study estimated a universe of 500 children from 8 to 12 years with overweight. The sample consisted of 54 children, all of them with overweight or obesity. Results: For the study there were included 27 boys and 27 girls. The average age was 10.65 ± 1.38 years, with an average weight of 66.05 kilos and an average size of 150.75 cm, equivalent to a mean BMI of 28.60.The Mothers studied gained an average of 16.17 kg of weight during pregnancy and only 2.83 months of breastfeeding on average. Conclusion: The excess of weight during pregnancy and decreased breastfeeding are related to child obesity at the age of 10.The prevention of obesity in children and adolescents should be prevented from pregnancy. One way of prevention could be the weight control of the mothers during pregnancy. It is also important to support the first days of postpartum for the establishment of breastfeeding in women with obesity, due the fact that they delay the lactogenesis.

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The influence of breast and artificial feeding oninfantile eczema

Cited by 276 publications

References 1 publication

Breastfeeding, Childhood Asthma, and Allergic Disease

Breastfeeding, Childhood Asthma, and Allergic Disease

Why is there still confusion about the impact of breast-feeding on the risk of allergy development?

Obesidad durante el embarazo y su influencia en el sobrepeso en la edad infantil

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