The influence of carbon nanotube buckypaper/poly (ether imide) mats on the thermal properties of poly (ether imide) and poly (aryl ether ketone)/carbon fiber laminates
“…Crystalline phase of PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes by X-ray analysis.-In order to obtain the knowledge on the cystalline property of the nanocomposite membranes, XRD measurements are performed in the range of 2θ = 10°−90°for all the membranes. The first approximation of Debye-Scherrer formula is used to calculate the crystallite size (D) as given below: 16,34,36…”
Aurface functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is performed using a tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TAA) to generate functional moieties (-NH2) on the surface. The functionalized MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs) are incorporated in the blend polymers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to fabricate a nanocomposite membrane via phase inversion process, which are named PVA/PVP/f-MWCNT. The nanocomposite membranes are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water contact angle. The FE-SEM images show that the PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membrane (100:50) consisting 0.01 g of f-MWCNTs exhibits uniform morphology and good dispersion of f-MWCNTs. The X-ray results demonstrate that the incorporation of f-MWCNTs has successfully changed the structural properties of the nanocomposite membranes. TGA analysis indicates that the PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes exhibit higher thermal properties than the pristine PVA/PVP blend membrane. The weight loss within 420-550°C is increased from 34.62 to 55.66% with increasing PVP content from 1 wt% to 8 wt%, respectively. The contact angle measurements indicate that addition of f-MWCNTs to the PVA/PVP blend membrane has improved hydrophilic properties.
“…Crystalline phase of PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes by X-ray analysis.-In order to obtain the knowledge on the cystalline property of the nanocomposite membranes, XRD measurements are performed in the range of 2θ = 10°−90°for all the membranes. The first approximation of Debye-Scherrer formula is used to calculate the crystallite size (D) as given below: 16,34,36…”
Aurface functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is performed using a tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TAA) to generate functional moieties (-NH2) on the surface. The functionalized MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs) are incorporated in the blend polymers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to fabricate a nanocomposite membrane via phase inversion process, which are named PVA/PVP/f-MWCNT. The nanocomposite membranes are characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water contact angle. The FE-SEM images show that the PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membrane (100:50) consisting 0.01 g of f-MWCNTs exhibits uniform morphology and good dispersion of f-MWCNTs. The X-ray results demonstrate that the incorporation of f-MWCNTs has successfully changed the structural properties of the nanocomposite membranes. TGA analysis indicates that the PVA/PVP/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite membranes exhibit higher thermal properties than the pristine PVA/PVP blend membrane. The weight loss within 420-550°C is increased from 34.62 to 55.66% with increasing PVP content from 1 wt% to 8 wt%, respectively. The contact angle measurements indicate that addition of f-MWCNTs to the PVA/PVP blend membrane has improved hydrophilic properties.
“…In the second decomposition step (700°C to 1000°C), the volatilization of the residue occurs, remaining approximately 80 wt% of it at 1000°C. In this case, the percentage of residues left after the analysis is not a reference of the volumetric fraction of fiber, because the analysis was performed in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen flow) and according to Santos and co-workers, 11 also for neat PAEK after the analysis still have around 44% of residue due to the carbon amorphous presence.Figure 3.TGA results for the studied laminates, where (a) shows a general view of the behavior during the TGA analysis, and (b) the magnification of the region related to the first step of decomposition.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such thermoplastic matrices stand out in applications that require high temperatures, since they have high thermal stability and higher service temperatures (some high-performance thermoplastic polymers can operate up to 250°C) when compared to thermosets. [9][10][11][12] The PAEK matrix used in this work is characterized by high stability at high temperatures and high mechanical resistance, whose chemical structure is composed of ketone (R-C=O-R) and ether (R-O-R) groups, with the aryl group responsible for the R bond between the functional groups. This polymer presents a glass transition temperature of approximately 157°C and a melting temperature of 305°C, however, the ratio and sequence of ether and ketone groups affects the melting and glass transition temperature, heat resistance and processing temperature.…”
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the reconsolidation of a carbon fiber composite with poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)/carbon fiber laminates after suffering impacts from different energy levels (5, 10 and 30 J) and being restored by reconsolidation. For this comparison, thermal analysis, and compression after impact tests were performed to evaluate the properties of the material before and after the reconsolidation process. According to the found results, it was observed that with small damages it is possible to fully recover the material after new consolidation and for larger damages there is also a partial recovery compared to the base laminate. The material remains thermally stable in all situations, in other words, its thermal properties remain even after impact tests and reconsolidation process.
“…As a kind of engineering thermoplastic polymer, poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) possesses the excellent thermal properties and mechanical performances, which has been widely used in fields of engineering structures, biomedical stents, and aerospace applications. [37][38][39] Nevertheless, due to the rigid molecular structures, the molecular flexibility of PAEK is poor, resulting in the slow deformation ability. In this paper, we put forward a facile strategy to synthesize shape memory PAEK via a condensation polymerization.…”
In this paper, boron nitride (BN) sheets, as two‐dimensional thermal conductive fillers, were integrated into shape memory poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) matrix to improve the response speed of actuators. The thermal conductivity of composites was found to be positively correlated with the content of BN sheets. Significantly, a highest in‐plane thermal conductivity of 2.66 W m−1 K−1 was obtained, which resulted in the increase of the recovery speed of the PAEK/BN actuators from 18 to 6 s. Besides, the integration of BN sheets improved the shape memory effect of PAEK matrix, including the higher shape recovery ratio (up to 99.9%) and fixity ratio (over 97%). In addition, through the assembling of four components with designed BN contents, we achieved the interesting staged shape recovery behaviors for PAEK/BN composite actuators, which enabled programmable and smart manipulations. These fabricated PAEK/BN composite actuators with rapid response and staged deformation behaviors possessed the wide utilization potential in smart devices.
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