The influence of chelating agents on clays in geothermal reservoir formations: Implications to reservoir acid stimulation

Madirisha, Makungu; Hack, H.R.G.K.; Meer, F. van der

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102305

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The generation of such networks requires either specific hydraulic stimulation procedures or different stimulation techniques. With a growing number of available chemical stimulation techniques for geothermal reservoirs, our results encourage further research [47][48][49][50] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Velocity-dependent heat transfer controls temperature in fracture networks

Heinze

Pastore

2023

Nat Commun

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Heat transfer between a fluid and the surrounding rock in the subsurface is a crucial process not only, but most obviously, in geothermal systems. Heat transfer is described by Newton’s law of cooling, relating the heat transferred to a coefficient, the specific surface area, and the temperature difference between rock and fluid. However, parameterizing the heat transfer coefficient in fracture networks poses a major challenge. Here we show that within a fracture network the heat transfer coefficient is strongly heterogeneous but that laboratory single fracture experiments can provide a reasonable estimate in dependence of flow rate. We investigate the distribution of the heat transfer coefficient experimentally as well as numerically and analyze the heat transfer at individual fractures. Our results improve the prediction of temperatures in engineered and natural geothermal systems and allow sustainable management and design of reservoirs considering the role of individual fractures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Velocity-dependent heat transfer controls temperature in fracture networks

Heinze

Pastore

2023

Nat Commun

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“…When evaluating the literature that was found on retardation mechanisms, it is interesting to see that deeper penetration is rarely the goal of their application. Sometimes retardation is necessary for high-temperature application (e.g., Samouei et al 2022), most often deeper penetration is more of a side effect and the goal is the safe application of the acids in reservoirs containing clay (e.g., Madirisha et al 2022) or more even dissolution patterns (e.g., Mella et al 2006). Thus, the implications of retarded dissolution and possibilities of deeper acid penetration into the reservoir formation are often going unnoticed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chelating agents that are applied in the geothermal context are nitrilo-triacetic acid NTA (Mella et al 2006;Rose et al 2007;Portier et al 2009), sulfophthalic acid SPA (Zemach et al 2013), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA (Mella et al 2006;Cobos and Søgaard 2022), hydroxyethylenediaminetetraacetic acid HEDTA (Salalá et al 2021), different aminopolycarboxylic acids called BCA (Madirisha et al 2022), N, N-bis(carboxymethyl)-l-glutamic acid GLDA (Salalá et al 2021;Watanabe et al 2021;Salalá et al 2023;Takahashi et al 2023;Salalá et al 2024) and citric acid (Cobos and Søgaard 2021;Grifka et al 2023). Only NTA and SPA were applied in the field and SPA only in combination with a hydraulic stimulation (Zemach et al 2013).…”

Section: Change In the Chemical Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical stimulation of geothermal reservoirs using retarded acid systems: current developments and potential directions

Grifka,

Licha,

Heinze

2024

Geotherm Energy

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Stimulation techniques to enhance fluid pathways are an important tool to make geothermal projects economically feasible. So far, hydraulic stimulation is used almost exclusively for reservoir-wide improvement of the permeability, but induced seismicity poses a challenge. Chemical stimulation on the other hand has been limited to the close vicinity of the borehole and has barely been considered for the creation of enhanced geothermal reservoirs. However, retardation mechanisms reducing the chemical reaction rate can be used to increase the radius of the chemical stimulation thus enabling a reservoir-wide enhancement of fluid pathways. In this work, we review the technologies of retardation mechanisms for chemical stimulation in geothermal systems and identify five groups of retardation techniques: (i) causing impaired mobility of the acid, e.g., by gelling agents; (ii) causing an impaired dissociation, e.g., by the in-situ generation of the reactive compounds; (iii) blocking the mineral surface area, e.g., by alternating injections of pad fluids and acids; (iv) reducing the reaction rate constant, e.g., by cooling; and (v) changing the chemical equilibrium through chelating agents. We found that most applications are currently based on the use of impaired dissociation, but present research focuses on the development and application of chelating agents. Most of these retardation techniques are adopted from the hydrocarbon industry, but there are several techniques that have not been applied in the geothermal context so far for various reasons. We identify a distinctive lack of in-depth descriptions of the retardation techniques in various studies—mostly to protect intellectual property. However, in the light of public concern regarding fracking techniques and to independently assess potential environmental hazards, scientific examination of proposed techniques is indispensable.

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“…GLDA seems to be an ideal chelating agent for its biodegradability and power over a wide pH range. Their contribution to clay dissolution, in comparison with EDTA and N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine-N,N ,N -triacetic acid (HEDTA), has been the object of recent studies [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Chemical Systems for the Removal of Calcareous Encrustations on Monumental Fountains: A Case Study of the Nymphaeum of Cerriglio

Squarciafico,

Salatino,

La Russa

et al. 2023

Heritage

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This study aims to compare the effects of some chemical agents on the removal of calcareous encrustations, which are characterized by the presence of both calcium and silicon. The experimentation was conducted during the conservation treatments of Cerriglio’s nymphaeum (Massa Lubrense, Naples, Italy). Tests were carried out in the laboratory on specimens and in situ to define the most efficient choice between several chelant agents, in the recovery of calcium and silicon, using ICP/OES and spectrocolorimetric and microscopic analyses.

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The influence of chelating agents on clays in geothermal reservoir formations: Implications to reservoir acid stimulation

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Velocity-dependent heat transfer controls temperature in fracture networks

Velocity-dependent heat transfer controls temperature in fracture networks

Chemical stimulation of geothermal reservoirs using retarded acid systems: current developments and potential directions

New Chemical Systems for the Removal of Calcareous Encrustations on Monumental Fountains: A Case Study of the Nymphaeum of Cerriglio

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