The Influence of Chile’s Food Labeling and Advertising Law and Other Factors on Dietary and Physical Activity Behavior of Elementary Students in a Peripheral Region: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: In 2016, Chile implemented the Food Labeling and Advertising Law to fight childhood obesity through front-of-package food labelling, marketing restrictions and school activities and programs. Nevertheless, little is known on its influence on key stakeholders in vulnerable peripheral regions of the country. This study aimed at identifying important influencing factors including the Food Labeling and Advertising Law on dietary habits and physical activity patterns of second graders in Chile, as perceived by school representatives and the children themselves.Methods: Semi-structured interviews with four school directors and 17 groups of three second graders, informal interviews with 9 key teachers and 4 food services staff complemented with documented observations were carried out in four primary schools of the Chilean city of Punta Arenas, in the Magallanes Punta Arenas region. The different sources allowed for triangulation of results.Results: FLAL seems to have a negligible influence on young children’s diet and physical activity in the study region. Barriers are children’s deeply rooted dietary habits, excessive screen-time, the parents’ lacking problem awareness, limited time for parenting practices and bad role modeling. Environmental barriers are overloaded schools due to insufficient coordination between governmental entities, lacking funds for sound teacher training and unsafe neighborhoods limiting children’s play.Conclusions: Policy interventions aimed at reducing childhood obesity need to include and empower schools, families and local communities as active partners and consider their framework conditions for greater influence on dietary habits and physical activity.

Characteristics of successful government-led interventions to support healthier populations: a starting portfolio of positive outlier examples

“… 25 26 Although impact on food and beverage industry profits was minimal in the Chile example, 23 economic impacts of the South Africa alcohol bans resulted in unemployment, which was described as a factor in promoting violent behaviour 25 and imposing negative impacts on existing inequalities in the accommodation and tourist workforce sector. 26 For both food labelling 27 and Vision Zero, 28 co-ordination between sectors and industries to collectively address a system issue was a major challenge. The barrier of unintended consequences was noted across two interviews, with each supported by two published studies—the South African alcohol ban highlighted unintended consequences of alcohol withdrawal (which caused a similar ban in France to be overturned) and a rise in illegal brewing 29 30 ; New York’s health food initiatives were capable of being bypassed by consumers either going into nearby jurisdictions where the initiatives were not active 31 or by taking advantage of free refills 32 ( table 1B ).…”