BNdT nanofibers with uniform diameter and length continuity were fabricated through sol-gel electrospinning process. The effects of annealing temperature on the crystallization, morphology and phase of the products were investigated by using TG/DTA, XRD, SEM and TEM characterization. The results show that the annealed nanofibers are orthorhombic perovskite structured BNdT materials. The ferroelectric hysteresis loops of the samples BIT and BNdT indicated that a certain amount of Nd doping was conducive to enhance ferroelectric properties. Finally, the photocatalytic properties of BNdT nanofibers with different content of Nd (x = 0, 0.25, 0.75, 1.5) were observed by the degradation of RhB aqueous solution. The degradation reactive rate was accelerated with the increase of Nd content.