The influence of cultivations on soil animal populations

Edwards, C. A.; Lofty, J. R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-1933-0_44

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Low numbers of Collembola (Table 3) in this long term cultivated and fertilized field (15 years) agrees with the observations that, compared to cultivated land, uncultivated and undisturbed land had more Collembolan fauna [12,7,23]. Arable land has no vegetation during a period whereas uncultivated land ensures a continuous food supply through litter deposition and root exudates [5].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The plot which received farmyard manure showed a higher population than the control plot as already observed by Curry and Purvis [9]. The organic matter is crucial for the stability of the soil structure and it serves as an energy source for microorganisms which mesofauna consume [12]. The beneficial effects of manure recorded here could be thought at first sight to be due to the fact that manure itself contains high numbers of soil microarthropods [8], but it should be noticed that some species abundant in manure such as Xenylla welchi were never found in our collections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Agricultural operations like plooughing and harrowing generally decrease the abundance of soil animals [15,11,2]. Crop rotation causes a decline in the number of soil animals compared with continuous cropping [12]. The present investigation was carried out under a high cropping intensity round the year and the soil was prepared three times in a year before planting the crops with power tillage implements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been paid to the effects of agricultural practices on soil fauna, especially microarthropods, mainly represented by mites and collembola [13,12,25]. Research efforts concerning tropical countries are still in progress and more knowledge is needed before more conservative methods can be applied to the management of agricultural soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of some physical factors and agricultural practices on Collembola in a multiple cropping programme in West Bengal (India)

Bandyopadhyaya¹,

Choudhuri²,

Ponge³

2002

European Journal of Soil Biology

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Keywords: Collembola/physical factors/agricultural practices. 1.INTRODUCTION:Soil animals promote the decomposition of organic matter by comminuting litter, The present experiment was conducted to study the Collembolan population of agricultural fields in which three crops (jute, paddy rice and wheat) were cultivated and supplemented with graded doses of N, P, and K fertilizers. Treatments were also designed to estimate the effects of organic manure and herbicides. 2.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Experimental plots were selected at the Jute Agricultural Research Institute (I.C.A.R.), Barrackpore, West Bengal, India (22°46'N, 88°24'E), in a long-term (15-yr) fertilizer experiment. In this experiment, three croppping systems using jute, paddy rice and wheat succeeded round the year. Nine different treatments (Table I) were replicated four times using a randomised block design. Soil samples were collected from experimental plots at monthly intervals for three consecutive years. Plot size was 20m x 10m.The soil was alluvium from the Gangetic plain. Fertilizer sources for NPK treatment were urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride, respectively. The three crop rotations consisted of two cereals, paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and one fibre crop, jute (Corchorus olitorius L.). Jute was sown in April and harvested in July. Paddy rice was transplanted in August and harvested in November. Wheat was sown in December and harvested in March. 4Hand weeding and hoeing were done at monthly intervals after sowing or transplanting. A herbicide was used for weed control in treatment 7. Soil samples were collected from all replicated plots at monthly intervals. Samplers were 9cm long and with a cross sectional area of 28cm 2 . Three cores were taken from each plot, at each time. Tullgren funnel extractors were used for collecting soil microarthropods.The extraction time was five days. Soil temperature, surface humidity and soil moisture were recorded each month from all replicated plots under each treatment.After extraction, animals were mounted in polyvinylalcohol and identified to the species or to the genus level under a phase contrast microscope. In the absence of a comprehensive account of Indian springtails, half of the species could only be identified at the genus level.Data pooled over three years for each experimental plot were used for the calculation of Spearman rank correlation coefficients, a posteriori comparisons among means using t-tests or non-parametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests according to normality of residuals [32] and correspondence analysis [16]. For correspondence analysis, data were transformed using refocusing (mean fixed to 20) and reweighting (variance fixed to 1) and variables were doubled in higher and lower values according to Ponge and Delhaye [28]. The latter procedure allowed to display changes in population densities. Each variable was thus represented by two points (higher and lower values) which were symmetrical around the origin. The farther these points were from the...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of some physical factors and agricultural practices on Collembola in a multiple cropping programme in West Bengal (India)

Bandyopadhyaya¹,

Choudhuri²,

Ponge³

2002

European Journal of Soil Biology

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“…(Z) exarata decreases; new populations of small and/or delicate primitive oribatids are detected; and other oribatids less adapted to the original habitat increase their numbers, are more dispersed and establish more equitable demographic relationships. By a first and strict point of view, traditional agriculture practices can decrease the heterogeneity, richness and abundance of oribatids (Edwards & Lofty, 1975;Siepel & Van de Bund, 1988;Hülsmann & Wolters, 1998;Pandit & Bhattacharya, 2000;Arroyo & Iturrondobeitia, 2006;Minor & Cianciolo, 2007). Contrasting with last assumption, the recuperation of degraded agrosystems is related to a positive and bidirectional relationship between plant biomass and soil animals (Osler & Beattie, 2001;De Deyn et al, 2003;Wardle et al, 2004;Gormsen, 2006;St John et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-conservative agriculture of acid and degraded Raña-grassland enhances diversity of the common soil mites (Oribatida)

Jorrín

González-Fernández

2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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The seminatural prairie of the Raña of Cañamero (Spain) is a degraded and unproductive agrosystem with acid and stony soils, and low coverage of xerophytic grasses. In a project about secondary reconversion of the raña-prairie to a more productive cropland, an experimental field (EF) was established to assess the effect on plot-productivity of the interaction between correction of soil pH (liming) with three cropping systems: a no-tilled and annually fertilized and improved prairies, and a conventionally-tilled forage crop. The EF model of management was designed as plant-conservative, because no herbicide was applied after seeding to preserve the post-emergence of wild herbs and the natural grass diversity of the prairie. Between 2008 and 2012, we analysed the effect of managing factors (initial conventional-tillage, fertilization, liming and cropping) and agricultural predictors (pH, C:N ratio, soil bulk density and herbaceous biomass) on the alpha(α)-diversity of one of the major group of soil animals, the oribatids. In relation to the raña-prairie, all EF-plots improved their soil bulk density (ρs) and herbaceous biomass (t/ha), and enhanced desirable α-diversity values (richness, abundance and community equity). We conclude that the plant-conservative model: i) do not affect statistically the species richness of the prairie; ii) the desirable α-diversity responses are negatively correlated with soil bulk density and positively with herbaceous biomass, and iii) the low input or minimum intervention model, of an initial and conventional till and annual fertilisation, is the threshold and optimal model of agricultural management to improving oribatids diversity of the raña-soil.

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Earthworms, Soil Structure, Fertility, and Productivity

Edwards¹,

Arancon²

2022

Biology and Ecology of Earthworms

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The influence of cultivations on soil animal populations

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of some physical factors and agricultural practices on Collembola in a multiple cropping programme in West Bengal (India)

Effects of some physical factors and agricultural practices on Collembola in a multiple cropping programme in West Bengal (India)

Plant-conservative agriculture of acid and degraded Raña-grassland enhances diversity of the common soil mites (Oribatida)

Earthworms, Soil Structure, Fertility, and Productivity

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