The influence of culture on maternal attachment behaviours: a South African case study

Abstract

It is widely accepted that culture is a contextual factor that can affect mother–infant attachment. Cultural beliefs are translated into child-rearing patterns that influence maternal responsiveness to infant attachment behaviours and could thus affect sensitive caregiving that lies at the heart of secure attachment. This article reports on the findings of a study that explored the influence of culture on maternal caregiving behaviours in the multi-cultural South African context. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews conducted with participants from three study samples to ascertain their perceptions of socio-cultural influences on attachment. Two samples consisted of mothers and mental health professionals, respectively, who represented different South African cultures (Xhosa, Sotho, Zulu, Coloured, Indian and White). The third sample consisted of experts in the field of attachment. The research findings indicate that culture could influence maternal caregiving behaviours. Although all the participants valued good caregiving, some maternal responses to infant attachment behaviours varied among participants from different cultures. The research emphasises the importance of considering local contexts in understanding attachment and maternal sensitivity.

Pre-natal Attachment and Parent-To-Infant Attachment: A Systematic Review

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Linkage of Mother's Childhood Adversity Experience and the Intergenerational Transmission of Parenting Violations: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Regardless of the provision of caregiving that responds to the baby's cues, if parents are emotionally unavailable to their children, it hinders the establishment of a secure attachment bond between them. In the same vein, the concept of social learning elucidates the behavioral dimension of caregiving, highlighting the importance of observational learning and cultural influences on caregiving practices (Zaidman-Mograbi et al, 2020). Bowlby and WHO (1951) advocated for a nurturing and enduring relationship between an infant or young child and their mother or a permanent mother figure, highlighting the importance of mutual satisfaction and enjoyment.…”