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REVIEWS | 551atically assembled or accurate governmental records, Chatelain's work is a pioneering contribution, which regional historians, demographers, and sociologists will want to consult frequently. Its over I,IOO pages of garrulous, redundant prose guarantee that hardly anyone will read it through entirely; since it has no index, only its detailed subtitles rescue it from oblivion. The reader lays it aside with a sense of bewilderment, yet with a firm impression of a society that was a swarming ant-hill of confusion, of migratory paths crisscrossing, running together, branching out, but slowly and steadily being drawn to the towns and away from the highlands. It definitively lays to rest cliches about sedentary villagers or a timeless rural France.This book consists of five lectures on landed elites and a comparative essay by the editor. Each lecturer was asked to discuss "how his particular landed elite coped with the difficulties of the I9th Century; how it accommodated itself to the aspirations of new elites; how, in short, it managed to survive as well or badly as it did" (i). In responding, using traditional methods, each tends to emphasize features and characteristics peculiar either to his subject or his interests, thus offering little basis of comparison.F. M. L. Thompson, writing on Britain, concentrates on what he calls the "aristocratic embrace," a process by which the aristocracy succeeded in "gobbling up" highly selected "new men" without land, men who could strengthen and help maintain the preponderance of the landed elite till I914. Thus men like Herbert Henry Asquith were simply absorbed into the elite. Fritz Stern, writing on Prussia, concerns himself only with the Junkers. He finds that their survival depended not only on their toughness and adaptability but on their success in having "their values generally accepted" in society, especially by "an upper stratum of bureaucrats, academics, bankers and merchants" who were "assimilated to privilege" (56).Jerome Blum, writing on Russia, unequivocally states that, unlike its peers in other lands, "the nobility of Russia owed its prominence to the civil and military functions that it performed in the service of the Tsar and not to the ownership of land" (68). Recruitment into the nobility came mainly by way of promotion through the ranks of the civil service. Outside of the Tsar's service, the nobility, Blum holds, was in a state of disintegration, not able to adapt to the social and...