The influence of different circular hole perforations on interlaminar shear strength of a novel fiber metal laminates

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are a hybrid composite material used in aircraft structural parts. They are fabricated by stacking thin aluminum sheets with a fiber-reinforced polymer composite. In this research work, nanosilica was mixed with epoxy resin in different weight percentages such as 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% for the preparation of FML. Nanosilica was used as a secondary reinforcement in the epoxy resin to improve the interfacial bonding and mechanical strength of the FML. The morphology and chemical compositions of the cured nanosilicadispersed epoxy resin and aluminum were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate the thermal stability of epoxy before and after the addition of nanosilica. FML was prepared using the hand layup and compression molding processes by sandwiching thin aluminum alloy sheet and E-glass fiber. The FML specimens were cut using an abrasive water jet machine as per ASTM standards for determining their mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and short-beam strength. Vibrational analysis was undertaken, and the natural frequency and damping factor for the FML specimens were determined.The results revealed that the tensile strength of pure FML was increased by 7% for 3 wt% nanosilica-dispersed FML. Flexural and interlaminar shear strength was increased by 30.5% and 10.9%, respectively for the 1 wt% nanosilica-dispersed FML was compared to pure FML.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive characterization of AA 2024T3 fiber metal laminate with nanosilica‐reinforced epoxy based polymeric composite panel for lightweight applications

Vijayan¹,

Selladurai²,

Balaganesan

et al. 2022

“…In most of the literature AA 2024-T3 has been used for the fabrication of FMLs. 7,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Few of the researchers have also used other grades of aluminum alloys such as AA 1050, [40][41][42] AA 1060-H12, 43 AA 1200-H14, 44 AA 2024-O, 45 AA 5005, 46 AA 5052-O, 47 AA 5052-H32, [48][49][50] AA 6061-T6, 17,29,51,52 AA 6063-T6, 53 and AA 7075-T6. 52,54,55 Limited amount of work has been conducted on the Magnesium alloy, 56,57 Titanium, 45 and Steel.…”

Section: Research Gap Addressed In the Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐velocity ballistic response of AA 1100‐H14 based carbon‐fiber metal laminates: An experimental investigation

Jamsheed,

Rashid,

Velmurugan

2023

A detailed experimental investigation was carried out for the high‐velocity ballistic response of AA 1100‐H14 based carbon‐fiber metal laminates (FMLs). FMLs with different metal volume fractions and the same thickness of carbon‐epoxy fiber laminates were tested to examine the surface and internal damage. The ballistic performance parameters, namely % escalation in absorbed energy, specific energy absorbed, ballistic limit, specific perforation energy, first cracking energy, and global deformation profile, were studied and a comparison was drawn with pure carbons fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates. Despite having greater thickness, pure carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composite laminates absorbed less impact energy than FMLs and failed catastrophically. For FMLs, the % escalation in the absorbed energy and the specific energy absorption kept increasing with the increasing impact velocity until the onset of perforation. Once the perforation started, both these parameters showed a decreasing trend. Thick FMLs absorbed a good amount of energy, leading to projectile recoil suffering minimal damage. The ballistic velocity, specific perforation energy, and first cracking energy on the front and rear face of FMLs layers showed an increasing trend. The minimum for the thinner and maximum for the thicker FMLs attributed to the large thickness and more metal volume fraction. Contrary to the large deformation of the impacting points, pure carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composite laminates showed very minimal deformation as compared to FMLs. The brittle nature of the epoxy resin resisted the deformation to a large extent leading to less energy absorption.Highlights High‐velocity ballistic response of AA 1100‐H14 based carbon‐FMLs was investigated. Ballistic performance parameters of FMLs were studied and was compared with carbons fiber reinforced composite laminates. The ballistic limit of FMLs showed a direct dependence its thickness and metal volume fraction. In the absence of any metallic layer, pure carbons fiber reinforced composite laminates absorbed less impact energy.

“…It was proposed initially to enhance the fatigue resistance of metallic structures, inspired by the metal bonding technology to take advantage of the fiber bridging mechanism, 1 and due to the importance of bonding quality some previous efforts have been made on the interfacial strength of FML. [2][3][4][5] The fatigue resistance of FML is indeed superior than that of the metal, but it is not as compared with FRP. It is to say that in the fatigue aspect FML does not have the overwhelming superiority, 6 similar as in the strength, stiffness, 6 and forming aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fiber metal laminate (FML) is a hybrid composite fabricated by alternately bonding the thin metal sheets and fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. It was proposed initially to enhance the fatigue resistance of metallic structures, inspired by the metal bonding technology to take advantage of the fiber bridging mechanism, 1 and due to the importance of bonding quality some previous efforts have been made on the interfacial strength of FML 2–5 . The fatigue resistance of FML is indeed superior than that of the metal, but it is not as compared with FRP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of symmetric and asymmetric aluminum arrangements on the low‐velocity impact performance of glass fiber‐reinforced aluminum laminate (GLARE)

Zhang,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Glass fiber‐reinforced aluminum laminate (GLARE) possesses superior impact performance than both metal and fiber‐reinforced composite. It was found previously that the low‐velocity impact (LVI) performance of GLARE is governed by aluminum at different locations. This implies that reasonably rearranging aluminum in GLARE may bring in some improvements if the functions of different aluminum are all fully played. In this view, the effect of aluminum arrangement on the LVI performance of GLARE was investigated by separately comparing eight symmetric and eight asymmetric GLARE. Finite element analysis was adopted due to its advantage in quantitatively capturing the detailed damage parameters, and it was verified by LVI tests under different impact energy. The LVI performance was elucidated from both impact resistance and energy absorption aspects, where the former included the force and damage responses, and the latter involved the energy absorbed ratio and absorption efficiency. Based on the mechanical and damage parameters, impact resistance and energy absorption factors were proposed for comprehensive characterization. It revealed that arranging aluminum symmetrically in GLARE by placing thinner aluminum in the middle is an effective way to improve its LVI performance.Highlights Aluminum arrangement influenced evidently on the low‐velocity impact (LVI) damage degrees of glass fiber‐reinforced aluminum laminate (GLARE). Impact resistance and energy absorption factors were quantitively defined. Symmetric GLARE with thinner middle aluminum had superior LVI performance. Optimal aluminum arrangement could be simply estimated by energy dissipation.