The influence of different fertilizer standards on the quality of agricultural products in short rotation crop rotation

Abstract

Goal. Study of the influence of different rates of fertilization of agricultural crops in short-rotational crop rotation on the quality of agricultural products and their yield on radioactively contaminated lands.
 Methods. Scientifically recommended agricultural crops for this region were selected for research in grain-row crop rotation: Oats — variety Chernihivskyi 27; Triticale — Aist Kharkiv variety; Corn — variety Kharkivska 195 MV; Fodder beets — Eckendorf yellow variety; Lupine is an Industrial variety. The chemical composition of feed was determined according to generally accepted methods. In plant products, the following were determined: crude protein — by total nitrogen using the classic Kjeldahl method; raw fiber — by acid-alkaline hydrolysis; raw ash — by burning samples in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 500—600°C; raw fat — by the Ruzhkosky method in a Soxhlet apparatus.
 Results. As a result of research in 2015—2017, it was established that the studied agricultural products in 2, 3 versions of fertilizer have a higher content of crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber. The content of crude protein in lupine seeds was in the range of 25.54—31.01%, in oat grain — 10.37—12.21%, in triticale grain — 10.08—12.25%, in corn grain — 9.40—11.78%, in fodder beets — 2.03—2.65%. The raw ash content varied over the years of research from 2.68 to 2.86% in oat grain; from 2.74 to 3.01% in lupine seeds; from 2.19 to 2.41% in triticale grain; from 1.37 to 1.68% in beets and from 1.57 to 1.72% in corn grains. The crude fat content for the studied period was from 3.72 to 3.97% in oat grains; from 4.46 to 5.55% in lupine seeds; from 1.40 to 1.74% in triticale grain; from 0.12 to 0.16% in fodder beet and from 4.40 to 4.81% in corn grain. The content of crude fiber during the years of research was from 10.21 to 10.60% in oat grain; from 13.29 to 14.38% in lupine seeds; from 1.69 to 2.74% in triticale grain; from 0.93 to 1.05% in fodder beets and from 2.20 to 2.75% in corn grain. The average yield of oats over the years of research on fertilizer options was 27.12—35.01 t/ha, while it is monitored increase in yield by fertilizer options compared to the control by 15—46%. The yield of triticale was in the range of 39.75—48.97 t/ha, subject to an increase in yield in 2 and 3 fertilizer options by 3—7%. The yield of lupine over the years of research was 17.80—26.69 c/ha, while the yield of lupine in 2 and 3 fertilizer options was 4.8—17.2 higher than in the control. The grain yield of corn and fodder beet in 2 and 3 fertilizer variants also exceeded the control index. The yield of fodder beet was 297.09—394.74 t/ha. The yield of corn was in the range of 48.85—87.15 c/ha.
 Conclusions. It was established that the studied agricultural products in 2, 3 versions of fertilizer have a higher content of crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber. The average yield of oats over the years of research on fertilizer options was 27.12—35.01 t/ha, the yield of triticale was in the range of 39.75—48.97 t/ha, the yield of lupine over the years of research was 17.80—26.69 t/ha, fodder beet yield was 297.09—394.74 t/ha, and corn yield was 48.85—87.15 t/ha.