The Influence of Discrimination on Immigrant Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms: What Buffers its Detrimental Effects?

Consumo de alcohol en hombres penados por violencia contra la pareja: factores individuales y contextuales

“…Precisamente, con el fin de disponer de información empírica que permita incrementar la efectividad de los programas de intervención con maltratadores, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar las relaciones existentes entre consumo de alcohol y otras variables relevantes en dicha intervención y que podrían aumentar o disminuir el riesgo de agresión en una muestra de hombres condenados por delito de violencia de género, tanto a nivel individual (malestar general, abuso de drogas, impulsividad, autoestima, asunción de responsabilidad y actitudes tolerantes hacia la violencia contra la pareja) como contextual (percepción de apoyo íntimo, percepción de rechazo social, acumulación de eventos vitales estresantes, percepción de nivel de ingresos económicos y apoyo social comunitario). Se tiene en cuenta la variable inmigración por su relación con el consumo de alcohol y otros síntomas de malestar psicológico y la alta prevalencia de inmigrantes en muchos de los programas para maltratadores (Cristini, Scacchi, Perkins, Santinello y Vieno, 2011;Rothman, Gupta, Pavlos, Dang y Coutinho, 2007).…”

How international transracial adoptees and immigrants cope with discrimination? The moderating role of ethnic identity in the relation between perceived discrimination and psychological well‐being

“…Future studies should assume a longitudinal perspective, in order to better disentangle the influence of perceived discrimination on self‐esteem and the moderating role of ethnic identity. Additionally, we focused on self‐esteem, but in order to strengthen our conclusions, future research should include additional measures of psychological well‐being, such as satisfaction with life, pleasure attainment, and happiness, which have been applied in previous studies regarding adoptees (Basow et al, ; Behle & Pinquart, ) and immigrants (Cristini et al, ; Vieno et al, ; Walsh et al, ). Future studies should also include alternative measures of perceived discrimination and take into account additional aspects of ethnic identity such as “centrality” (Yip, ).…”

“…This finding sheds light on the different impact that the experience of discrimination can have depending on contextual conditions and groups involved. As some studies have suggested, the link between perceived discrimination and psychological outcomes is not straightforward (Cassidy, O'Connor, Howe, & Warden, 2004;Crocker & Major, 1989;Escobar et al, 2000) and could be somewhat weaker in regards to positive outcomes (as measured by level of self-esteem) as opposed to negative outcomes (Schmitt et al, 2014), particularly for the Latino ethnic group (Donovan et al, 2013).…”

“…Nevertheless, the impact of perceived discrimination turns out to be somewhat weaker as far as positive outcomes are considered (e.g., self-esteem and positive affect), when compared with negative outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety, and negative affect; Schmitt et al, 2014). The experience of discrimination may not similarly affect all individuals, as the average levels of psychological well-being registered by members of stigmatized groups are usually as high or even higher than that of members of nonstigmatized groups (Crocker & Major, 1989;Escobar, Nervi, & Gara, 2000).…”

“…Research has hypothesized that ethnic identity affirmation might play a moderating role between perceived discrimination and well‐being among immigrants and ethnic minorities, but results are not consistent. Some studies have failed to find a moderating role of ethnic identity (Cristini, Scacchi, Perkins, Santinello, & Vieno, ; Park, Schwartz, Lee, Kim, & Rodriguez, ), whereas others have shown that this variable exerts a noticeable protective moderating effect, acting as a buffer in the association between perceived discrimination and well‐being among Latino adolescents and Latino emerging adults (Iturbide, Raffaelli, & Carlo, ; Romero et al, ; Umaña‐Taylor, Wong, Gonzales, & Dumka, ) and among immigrants with a heterogeneous ethnic background (Greene, Way, & Pahl, ). Yoo and Lee (, ) also found a moderating role of ethnic identity among Asian American immigrants, but in the opposite direction, that is an exacerbating effect, such that youth with higher ethnic identity reported lower well‐being (e.g., lower positive affect and higher negative affect) when they experienced frequent ethnic discrimination.…”