The influence of dissociation reaction on ammonium nitrate thermal decomposition reaction

Thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate (AN) in the presence of the optimized nano-ternary transition metal ferrite CoNiZnFe2O4

“…The complete reaction mechanism is still under further research, which could then explain all aspects of the decomposition properties. Here, some known reaction steps that are given as follows: [35][36][37] NH 4 NO 3 -NH 3(g) + HNO 3(g) ( 1)…”

“…DTA data can be used to estimate the activation energy using a kinetic relation. [35][36][37]41 The decomposition peak temperature of AN in the presence of the CoNiZnFe 2 O 4 nanocatalyst is reduced by 10 1C to 40 1C with varying heating rates. Accordingly, the activation energy of AN is also decreased by B47%, indicating its great catalytic activity for reducing the thermal decomposition of AN.…”

“…The complete reaction mechanism is still under further research, which could then explain all aspects of the decomposition properties. Here, some known reaction steps that are given as follows: 35–37 NH 4 NO 3 → NH 3(g) + HNO 3(g) 2HNO 3 = NO 2 + + NO 3 − + H 2 ONH 4 NO 3 → N 2 O + 2H 2 ONH 4 NO 3 → 2N 2 + O 2 + 4H 2 OHNO 3 → NO 2 + OH˙…”

Preparation of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(Bi2212) superconductor by Pechini sol–gel method: thermal decomposition and phase formation kinetics of the precursors

“…Considering mentioned decomposition products, the precursors were decomposed into above oxides, and then the oxides are interacted with each other to yield some other intermediate products. The related chemical reactions are represented in the following equations [37][38][39][40][41][42]:…”

Thermal and evolved gas analyses of decomposition of ammonium dinitramide-based ionic liquid propellant using TG–DSC–HRTOFMS

“…Furthermore, MS data allow the identification of the molecular weights of evolved gases, while IR spectra show the chemical structures. For these reasons, TG-MS and TG-IR studies have been widely conducted to investigate the reaction mechanisms of various energetic materials, including ADN and its mixtures [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Matsunaga et al [6,7,9] conducted a thermal analysis of ADN/MMAN/urea mixtures using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis-infrared spectroscopy (TG-DTA-IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) and demonstrated that these materials decompose to generate various gases, including nitrous oxide (N2O), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), isocyanic aid (HNCO), ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).…”