“…The BOO problem in general has received much attention in the literature (see, e.g., Aleman et al ( , 2009, Craft (2007), Das and Marks (1997), Das et al (2003), D'Souza et al (2004,2008), Gokhale et al (1994), Lu et al (1997), Meedt et al (2003), Mišić et al (2010), Pugachev and Xing (2001a, 2001b, 2002, Rowbottom et al (1999a), Wang et al (2003Wang et al ( , 2004Wang et al ( , 2005, Yang et al (2006), Acosta et al (2008), Ahmed et al (2010), Ehrgott and Johnston (2003), Ehrgott et al (2008)). Mixed-integer programming (MIP) (Lee et al 2003, 2006, Yang et al 2006 and pure integer programming (IP) (D'Souza et al 2004) approaches have been explored, but are not viable for TMI due to the large treatment size.…”