The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation on Batrachium trichophyllum and Potamogeton alpinus — aquatic macrophytes with amphibious character

Aquatic plants anchored in streams are under pressure from various constraints linked to the water flow and display strategies to prevent their damage or destruction. We assume that the responses of aquatic plants to fast-water flow are a manifestation of a trade-off consisting in either maximizing the resistance to damage (tolerance strategy) in minimizing the hydrodynamic forces (avoidance strategy), or both. Our main hypothesis was that Potamogeton alpinus demonstrate the avoidance strategy. We analyzed architecture traits of the modules of this clonal plant from slow- and fast-flowing streams. In fast-flowing waters, the avoidance strategy of P. alpinus is reflected by the following: (1) the presence of floating leaves that stabilize the vertical position of the stem and protect the inflorescence against immersion; (2) elongation of submerged leaves (weakens the pressure of water); and (3) shoot diameter reduction and increase in shoot density (weakens the pressure of water, increases shoot elasticity), and by contrast in slow-water flow include the following: (4) the absence of floating leaves in high intensity of light (avoiding unnecessary outlays on a redundant organ); (5) the presence of floating leaves in low intensity of light (avoidance of stress caused by an insufficient assimilation area of submerged leaves).

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“…; Germ et al. ). In north‐western and central Europe, P. alpinus occurs locally (Baattrup‐Pedersen et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The avoidance strategy of environmental constraints by an aquatic plant Potamogeton alpinus in running waters

Robionek

Banaś

Chmara

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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“…A contrasting approach uses filters to remove much of the radiation at shorter wavelengths from the solar spectrum, thereby assessing the influence of current solar UV‐B flux (2). There have only been a few limited attempts to compare the biological effects of the two approaches in simultaneous experiments (3–7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Responses to Current Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation and to Supplemented Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation Simulating Ozone Depletion: An Experimental Comparison^¶

Rousseaux

Flint

Searles

et al. 2004

Photochem & Photobiology

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Field experiments assessing UV‐B effects on plants have been conducted using two contrasting techniques: supplementation of solar UV‐B with radiation from fluorescent UV lamps and the exclusion of solar UV‐B with filters. We compared these two approaches by growing lettuce and oat simultaneously under three conditions: UV‐B exclusion, near‐ambient UV‐B (control) and UV‐B supplementation (simulating a 30% ozone depletion). This permitted computation of “solar UV‐B” and “supplemental UV‐B” effects. Microclimate and photosynthetically active radiation were the same under the two treatments and the control. Excluding UV‐B changed total UV‐B radiation more than did supplementing UV‐B, but the UV‐B supplementation contained more “biologically effective” shortwave radiation. For oat, solar UV‐B had a greater effect than supplemental UV‐B on main shoot leaf area and main shoot mass, but supplemental UV‐B had a greater effect on leaf and tiller number and UV‐B‐absorbing compounds. For lettuce, growth and stomatal density generally responded similarly to both solar UV‐B and supplemented UV‐B radiation, but UV‐absorbing compounds responded more to supplemental UV‐B, as in oat. Because of the marked spectral differences between the techniques, experiments using UV‐B exclusion are most suited to assessing effects of present‐day UV‐B radiation, whereas UV‐B supplementation experiments are most appropriate for addressing the ozone depletion issue.

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“…The lower amounts in C. demersum appeared to be associated with longer evolutionary development of genus Ceratophyllum in the aquatic environment. The study of two more ''modern'' species, with amphibious characteristics (Batrachium trichophyllum and Potamogeton alpinus) revealed higher amounts of UV-B absorbing compounds and only slight influence of UV-B on production of UV-B absorbing compounds (Germ et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The response of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. to reduced, ambient, and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

et al. 2006

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The response of Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum to three levels of UV-B radiation -reduced (ca. 50% reduction), ambient and enhanced UV-B radiation, simulating 17% ozone depletion -is discussed. The research revealed that UV-B stimulated the production of UV-B absorbing compounds in C. demersum, but not in M. spicatum. The relative amount of UV-B absorbing compounds was about four times lower in C. demersum. Enhanced UV-B also affected respiratory potential in C. demersum (on average 3.7 mg O 2 /gDM/h), but no effect on M. spicatum (on average 5.5 mg O 2 /gDM/h) was detected. Increased need for energy revealed that UV-B radiation exerted stress in C. demersum. No changes in chlorophyll a and no disturbance to photochemical efficiency due to UV-B were observed in either species.

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The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation on Batrachium trichophyllum and Potamogeton alpinus — aquatic macrophytes with amphibious character

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

The avoidance strategy of environmental constraints by an aquatic plant Potamogeton alpinus in running waters

The avoidance strategy of environmental constraints by an aquatic plant Potamogeton alpinus in running waters

Plant Responses to Current Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation and to Supplemented Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation Simulating Ozone Depletion: An Experimental Comparison^¶

The response of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. to reduced, ambient, and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

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The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation on Batrachium trichophyllum and Potamogeton alpinus — aquatic macrophytes with amphibious character

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

The avoidance strategy of environmental constraints by an aquatic plant Potamogeton alpinus in running waters

The avoidance strategy of environmental constraints by an aquatic plant Potamogeton alpinus in running waters

Plant Responses to Current Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation and to Supplemented Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation Simulating Ozone Depletion: An Experimental Comparison¶

The response of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. to reduced, ambient, and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

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Plant Responses to Current Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation and to Supplemented Solar Ultraviolet‐B Radiation Simulating Ozone Depletion: An Experimental Comparison^¶