The influence of environmental factors on protistan microorganisms in grassland soils along a land-use gradient

Glaser, Karin; Kuppardt, Anke; Boenigk, Jens; Harms, Hauke; Fetzer, Ingo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.158

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The absence of any effect of sown plant diversity or plant FG identity on protist community composition is remarkable considering that effects of plant identity (Turner et al, 2013) and plant FG (Glaser et al, 2015;Ledeganck et al, 2003) have been reported before.…”

Section: Microbial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The absence of any effect of sown plant diversity or plant FG identity on protist community composition is remarkable considering that effects of plant identity (Turner et al., ) and plant FG (Glaser et al., ; Ledeganck et al., ) have been reported before. Protist community composition might not be directly linked to plant community composition but indirect via plant induced changes in abundance and composition of bacterial, fungal and nematode communities, which are all both prey and predators of protists (Geisen, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Archaea have been shown to be important across various terrestrial ecosystems (Offre, Spang, & Schleper, ; Prosser, ), but no studies have been reported to date that examine how their richness and community structure are impacted by plant functional group identity or diversity. In contrast, soil protist communities, which are highly species diverse and integral to soil functioning (Geisen, ), have been reported to be responsive to plant identity (Turner et al., ), and to plant FG identity and richness (Glaser et al., ; Ledeganck, Nijs, & Beyens, ). Clearly, it may be hard to find general patterns of plant species richness and composition on soil microbial community diversity, but it is worthwhile to investigated whether or not we can find them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential responses of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea and protists to plant species richness and plant functional group identity

et al. 2017

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Plants are known to influence belowground microbial community structure along their roots, but the impacts of plant species richness and plant functional group (FG) identity on microbial communities in the bulk soil are still not well understood. Here, we used 454-pyrosequencing to analyse the soil microbial community composition in a longterm biodiversity experiment at Jena, Germany. We examined responses of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protists to plant species richness (communities varying from 1 to 60 sown species) and plant FG identity (grasses, legumes, small herbs, tall herbs) in bulk soil.We hypothesized that plant species richness and FG identity would alter microbial community composition and have a positive impact on microbial species richness. Plant species richness had a marginal positive effect on the richness of fungi, but we observed no such effect on bacteria, archaea and protists. Plant species richness also did not have a large impact on microbial community composition. Rather, abiotic soil properties partially explained the community composition of bacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), archaea and protists. Plant FG richness did not impact microbial community composition; however, plant FG identity was more effective. Bacterial richness was highest in legume plots and lowest in small herb plots, and AMF and archaeal community composition in legume plant communities was distinct from that in communities composed of other plant FGs. We conclude that soil microbial community composition in bulk soil is influenced more by changes in plant FG composition and abiotic soil properties, than by changes in plant species richness per se. K E Y W O R D Sa-diversity, b-diversity, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, microbial diversity, plant community diversity, rhizobia

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Section: Microbial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential responses of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea and protists to plant species richness and plant functional group identity

et al. 2017

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“…Regional differences among the Biodiversity Exploratories are marked: the three regions differ substantially in diversity of macro organisms, bacteria and environmental conditions (Allan et al, 2015;Kaiser et al, 2016). Different assemblages of protists reflected differences between the three regions (Glaser et al, 2015;Fiore-Donno et al, 2016), although not in the study of Venter et al (2017), something the authors attribute to under sampling. In our study, the regional differences were more pronounced in forest than in grassland (Figure 3, Figure S4A & Figure S5A), with Schorfheide standing out.…”

Section: Soil Type and C/n Ratio As Major Structuring Forces Of Protimentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In particular, it was shown that plant species richness decreased along land use gradients (Egorov et al, 2014). With regard to soil microorganisms, LUI only weakly influenced bacterial communities (Kaiser et al, 2016), slightly increased ammonia oxidizing prokaryotes (Keil et al, 2011) and had no effect on protistan community assemblages as detected by T-RFLP (Glaser et al, 2015). However, it was demonstrated that specific environmental responses of protists remained undetectable when general eukaryotic PCR primers were used, but instead could be observed by the more thorough coverage of single lineages by taxon-specific primers (Lentendu et al, 2014) Our aims were thus: (i) the assessment of the diversity of Cercozoa and Endomyxa, classified into trophic guilds, in grassland and forest along regional and land use intensification gradients; (ii) the identification of environmental factors driving the distribution of the cercozoan and endomyxan communities, with a special focus on plant pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contrasting responses of protistan plant parasites and phagotrophs to ecosystems, land management and soil properties

Fiore-Donno

Richter-Heitmann

Bonkowski

2020

Preprint

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Highlights  Protistan plant parasites of worldwide importance (Phytomyxea) are absent from forest  Protistan plant parasites are enhanced by land use intensification in grassland  Opposite responses of protistan trophic guilds to environmental conditions in forest  Drastic differences in protistan community composition between grassland and forest Abstract Functional traits are increasingly used in ecology to link the structure of microbial communities to ecosystem processes. We investigated two important protistan lineages, Cercozoa and Endomyxa (Rhizaria) in soil using Illumina sequencing and analysed their diversity and functional traits along with their responses to environmental factors in grassland and forest across Germany. From 600 soil samples, we obtained 2,101 Operational Taxonomy Units representing ~18 million Illumina reads (region V4, 18S rRNA gene). All major taxonomic and functional groups were present, dominated by small bacterivorous flagellates (Glissomonadida). Endomyxan plant parasites were absent from forest. In grassland, they were promoted by more intensive land use management. Grassland and forest strikingly differed in community composition. Relative abundances of bacterivores and eukaryvores were contrastingly influenced by environmental factors, indicating bottom-up regulation by food resources. These patterns provide new insights into the functional organization of soil biota and indications for a more sustainable land-use management.

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Fertilization can accelerate the pace of soil microbial community response to rest‐grazing duration in the three‐river source region of China

Zhou,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Overgrazing leads to grassland degradation and productivity decline. Rest‐grazing during the regreen‐up period can quickly restore grassland and fertilization is a common restoration strategy. However, the effects of rest‐grazing time and fertilization on soil microorganisms are unclear in the alpine grasslands. Therefore, the experiment of rest‐grazing time and fertilization was carried out to explore the response of soil microorganisms to rest‐grazing time and fertilization measures. A field control experiment with rest‐grazing time and fertilization as factors have been conducted from the time when grass returned to green till the livestock moved to the summer pasture in Dawu Town of Maqin County of China. The primary treatment we established was the five rest‐grazing time, including rest‐grazing time of 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days, and traditional grazing was used as a check group. At the same time, the secondary treatment was nitrogen addition of 300 kg·hm−2 in each primary treatment. The results showed that the total phospholipid fatty acid (total PLFA), actinomyces (Act), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) showed an ever‐increasing biomass with the increase of rest‐grazing time and the highest was at 50 days of rest‐grazing, and they were all significantly higher than CK. In addition, soil microbial biomass carbon‐nitrogen ratio (MBC/MBN) had great influence on the change of microbial community. Applying nitrogen fertilizer can increase the maximum value of biomass of all PLFA groups and the biomass of all PLFA groups changed in an “inverted V” shape with the increase of rest‐grazing time. Besides, instead of MBC/MBN, NO3−‐N was positively correlated with the biomass of all PLFA groups, which actively regulated the trend of microbial functions. The longer rest‐grazing time is more conducive to the biomass of all PLFA groups. However, applying nitrogen fertilizer could break this pattern, namely, the 30 days rest‐grazing would be beneficial to the biomass of all PLFA groups. These findings provide key information that rest‐grazing during the regreen‐up period is benefiscial to the all PLFA groups and fertilization could change the response of microorganisms to rest‐grazing, which provide reference measures for the restoration of degraded alpine meadows.

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The influence of environmental factors on protistan microorganisms in grassland soils along a land-use gradient

Cited by 19 publications

References 101 publications

Differential responses of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea and protists to plant species richness and plant functional group identity

Differential responses of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea and protists to plant species richness and plant functional group identity

Contrasting responses of protistan plant parasites and phagotrophs to ecosystems, land management and soil properties

Fertilization can accelerate the pace of soil microbial community response to rest‐grazing duration in the three‐river source region of China

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