The Influence of Expertise upon the Designer's Approach to Studio Practice and Tool Use

Industrial Designers: Are You Ready for Foreign Markets? Assessing Designer Confidence and Prediction Accuracy in a Transnational Marketing Context

“…This may be related to the more effective evaluation skills of expert designers than novices due to differences in knowledge, strategy, and method (e.g., Ahmed, Wallace & Blessing, 2003;Bonnardel & Marmèche, 2004;Popovic, 2004;Björklund, 2013;Self, Evans & Dalke, 2014). This is a surprising finding, as one would expect the expert designers to have gained confidence in their designing abilities through experience, and would confidently take on the challenge of designing for a foreign market.…”

“…With more experience, designers gain a greater understanding of these differences and are better able to adjust for them. This may be related to the more effective evaluation skills of expert designers than novices due to differences in knowledge, strategy, and method (e.g., Ahmed, Wallace & Blessing, 2003;Bonnardel & Marmèche, 2004;Popovic, 2004;Björklund, 2013;Self, Evans & Dalke, 2014).…”

COMPREHENDING THE DESIGNER'S SKETCH & IMPLICATIONS FOR COMMUNICATION

“…However, this same ambiguity, important to conceptual design, has the potential to inhibit clear communication and so impact shared understanding, appropriate concept ideation and choice. Although progress has been made in understanding how sketches and illustrations are used as drivers for design practices (Goel, 1995;Lawson, 2004;Bar-Eli, 2013;Goldschmidt and Rodgers, 2013;Self et al, 2014), less is known of interaction effects between differences in the design representations themselves (Pei et al, 2011) and stakeholder expertise as implicating how they are understood. With the growing complexity of products and product services (Norman, 2011), co-creativity and competitive design-driven innovation (Verganti, 2008) will increasingly be best achieved through shared understanding across a diversity of knowledge, skills and expertise.…”

Tools and techniques for product design

“…In practice, (industrial) designers use an expanding inventory of digital and conventional design tools during their design practice [89,199,202,218], helping them to visualise, communicate and develop design ideas [89,92]. With an expanding array of tools available, the design practitioner's understanding of the benefits of individual tools is important [64,65,164].…”

“…Moreover, there are many uncertainties and ambiguities inherent in the usage of tools/techniques themselves [218]. How will the tool/technique communicate ideas?…”