The influence of exposome on acne

Abstract

Background Acne vulgaris is one of the main reasons for dermatological consultations. Severity and response to treatment may be impacted by various external factors or exposome.AimTo assess the impact of environmental factors on acne and to provide a comprehensive overview of the acne exposome.MethodsTwo consensus meetings of five European dermatologists and a comprehensive literature search on exposome factors triggering acne served as a basis for this review.ResultsAcne exposome was defined as the sum of all environmental factors influencing the occurrence, duration and severity of acne. Exposome factors impact on the response and the frequency of relapse to treatments by interacting with the skin barrier, sebaceous gland, innate immunity and cutaneous microbiota. They may be classified into the following six main categories: nutrition, psychological and lifestyle factors, occupational factors including cosmetics, as well as pollutants, medication and climatic factors. Moreover, practical considerations for the dermatologist's clinical practice are proposed.ConclusionExposome factors including nutrition, medication, occupational factors, pollutants, climatic factors, and psychosocial and lifestyle factors may impact on the course and severity of acne and on treatment efficacy. Identifying and reducing the impact of exposome is important for an adequate acne disease management.

Acne relapses: impact on quality of life and productivity

“…While a familial predisposition has been linked to more frequent acne relapses, possibly related to a genetic component, 6 acne severity and response to treatment are impacted by numerous external factors. In a paper published in 2018, Dr eno et al 7 proposed the concept of acne exposome defining the sum of all environmental factors influencing acne occurrence, duration and severity. These exposome factors may be classified into six categories as follows: nutrition, medication, occupational factors, pollutants, climatic factors, and psychological and lifestyle factors.…”

High bacterial colonization and lipase activity in microcomedones

“…[1][2][3] The precise mechanism behind the onset of acne lesions is still not fully understood, and the role of Propionibacterium acnes is still largely discussed. [4,5] Although P acnes is observed in normal and acne skin, intense P acnes colonization of the sebaceous gland likely play a role in acne inflammation through bacterial antigens and creation of a biofilm. [4][5][6] The intense C acnes colonization causes inflammatory reactions and immune cell recruitment.…”

“…[4,5] Although P acnes is observed in normal and acne skin, intense P acnes colonization of the sebaceous gland likely play a role in acne inflammation through bacterial antigens and creation of a biofilm. [4][5][6] The intense C acnes colonization causes inflammatory reactions and immune cell recruitment. [6] The bacteria's metabolism is also known to modify the skin's lipid composition.…”

Urbanization, Environmental Pollution and Skin Aging

“…Addor et al, 2018 demonstrated significant changes in some of the mechanical properties of the stratum corneum by UV damage, reduce its cell cohesion and mechanical integrity; also affects the molecular structure of cell proteins and lipids [41]. This phenomenon is more marked in acne patients as the skin lipid film on the surface of the stratum corneum is altered through an increase in oxidized squalene and a decrease in linoleic acid [44]. Several experimental studies demonstrated the detoxifying activities of squalene against a wide range of chemicals such as arsenic and hexa-chloro-benzene [45].…”