The Influence of Farming Systems, Genotype and Their Interaction on Bioactive Compound, Protein and Starch Content of Bread and Spelt Wheat

Abstract

An increase in the production and consumption of spelt products can be associated with positive effects on human health, which are attributed to bioactive compounds present in the grain. The basic success of spelt wheat in organic farming might be explained by the fact that spelt wheat belongs to the group of hulled wheat where the presence of a husk protects the seed from abiotic and biotic stress factors, thus demanding less chemical protection. The goal of this study was to investigate the variations in the bioactive compound (alkylresorcinol, arabinoxylan, β-glucan), protein, starch and fructan content of bread and spelt wheat under different farming systems (conventional and organic). The results showed higher protein and alkylresorcinol but lower fructan content in spelt wheat. Organic spelt had significantly higher starch, fiber and alkylresorcinol content but lower β-glucan and protein content than conventionally grown spelt. The spelt variety ‘Oberkulmer-Rotkorn’ was characterized by the highest values for the majority of analyzed traits under both farming systems. Overall, the environmental conditions (Hungary and Serbia), farming systems (conventional and organic) and wheat species (bread and spelt) contributed to the variations of the compositional traits in different manners.

Influence of Nitrogen Fertilisation Level and Weather Conditions on Yield and Quantitative Profile of Anti-Nutritional Compounds in Grain of Selected Rye Cultivars

“…On the other hand, under conditions of limited rainfall at the tillering stage and the beginning of stalk shooting, AR content in grain was similar at both fertilisation levels of 70 and 100 kg N•ha −1 . Takač et al [65], found that spelt wheat grain contained more alkylresorcinols in organic cultivation compared to conventional cultivation where increased mineral nitrogen fertilisation is applied.…”

Profitability of Organic Farming of Spelt in the Climate Conditions of Serbia

“…Derived profitability of spelt organic production is usually the result of obtained market price, where compared to common (bread) wheat its market price could be up to three times higher. Despite the more expressed energy efficiency, or health and environmental impact in organic agriculture (including the spelt production), (Smith et al, 2015;Takač et al, 2022) the negative side organic production arises from lower yields (Gabriel et al, 2013) that is commonly compensated by higher food-product's prices (Singh and Grover, 2011;Cristache et al, 2018).…”

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Quality and Soft Rot Resistance of Sweet Potato during Long-Term Storage

“…The determination of starch content was based on Takac et al [45], while the protein content was determined as described by Dong et al [46]. Both the content of starch and protein in root powder sample of sweet potato were evaluated by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) with a FOSS Analytical A/S (DS2500, FOSS Company, Hillerød, Denmark).…”