The Influence of Fluoride Anion on the Equilibrium between Titanium Ions and Electrodeposition of Titanium in Molten Fluoride&amp;ndash;Chloride Salt

Song, Jianxun; Wang, Qiuyu; Zhu, Xiaobo; Hou, Jungang; Jiao, Shuqiang; Zhu, Hongmin

doi:10.2320/matertrans.m2014071

“…The electrodeposition of titanium metal has been studied in high-temperature molten salts. In previous studies, chloride melts [1][2][3][4][5] , uoride melts [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] , and mixed uoride-chloride melts [14][15][16][17] were investigated as electrolytes. In chloride melts such as LiCl-KCl 1) , NaCl-KCl 2) , CaCl 2 3) , and NaCl-CsCl 4) , the morphologies of the products were dendritic or rough surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Titanium in Water−Soluble KF−KCl Molten Salt

Norikawa

¹

,

Yasuda

²

2016

Meet. Abstr.

0

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A new method of electrodeposition of Ti using a water-soluble KF-KCl molten salt electrolyte has been proposed. The electrochemical behaviors of Ti(III) ions in a KF-KCl molten salt to which 0.1 mol% K 2 TiF 6 and an excess amount of sponge Ti were added have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry at 923 K. Anodic currents corresponding to the oxidation of Ti(III) ions were observed from 1.5 V (vs. K + /K) at a glass-like carbon rod electrode. In the negative potential region, cathodic currents were seen from 0.3 V, indicating the deposition of Ti metal from Ti(III) ions. When a nickel ag electrode was used, cathodic currents due to the formation of Ti-Ni alloys were observed, in addition to the current of deposition of Ti metal. The analyses of the electrodeposits by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry con rmed that dense and smooth lms of Ti metal with 20 μm thickness were obtained at current densities of 2.5 × 10 −2-1.0 × 10 −1 Acm −2. [

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“…As the result, α 1 0 1 is higher than 1.8 for all the deposits, which demonstrates the high orientation to 101 plane. Oki et al reported that the Ti metal lm deposited on nickel in KCl-NaCl-LiCl containing K 2 TiF 6 at 923 K was highly orientated to 002 plane 17) . They also reported that the orientation varied with temperature, electrolysis time, current density, and electrolysis method.…”

Section: Galvanostatic Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in uence of the addition of F − ions into chloride melts on the morphology of the Ti deposits has also been investigated. Song et al reported that the addition of KF into KCl-NaCl up to a molar ratio of [F − ]/[Ti n+ ] = 6 led to the deposition of Ti metal with ne crystal grains, which is advantageous for the formation of compact and smooth Ti lms 17) . According to Oki et al, Ti(II) ions were not formed during the electrochemical reduction when the added amount of KF in NaCl-KCl-3 mass% K 2 TiF 6 exceeded 10 mass% 18) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrodeposition of titanium metal has been studied in high-temperature molten salts. In previous studies, chloride melts [1][2][3][4][5] , uoride melts [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] , and mixed uoride-chloride melts [14][15][16][17] were investigated as electrolytes. In chloride melts such as LiClKCl 1) , NaCl-KCl 2) , CaCl 2 3) , and NaCl-CsCl 4) , the morphologies of the products were dendritic or rough surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposition of Titanium in a Water-Soluble KF–KCl Molten Salt

Norikawa

¹

,

Yasuda

²

,

Nohira

³

2017

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A new method of electrodeposition of Ti using a water-soluble KF-KCl molten salt electrolyte has been proposed. The electrochemical behaviors of Ti(III) ions in a KF-KCl molten salt to which 0.1 mol% K 2 TiF 6 and an excess amount of sponge Ti were added have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry at 923 K. Anodic currents corresponding to the oxidation of Ti(III) ions were observed from 1.5 V (vs. K + /K) at a glass-like carbon rod electrode. In the negative potential region, cathodic currents were seen from 0.3 V, indicating the deposition of Ti metal from Ti(III) ions. When a nickel ag electrode was used, cathodic currents due to the formation of Ti-Ni alloys were observed, in addition to the current of deposition of Ti metal. The analyses of the electrodeposits by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry con rmed that dense and smooth lms of Ti metal with 20 μm thickness were obtained at current densities of 2.5 × 10

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“…13,14 This implies that [TiF 6 ] 2¹ is obtained through the reaction TiCl 4 with fluoride salt. Therefore, this study presented a direct electrolysis process for producing titanium from TiCl 4 in molten NaCl-KCl-NaF.…”

Section: ¹mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Titanium from TiCl<sub>4</sub> in a Molten Fluoride-chloride Salt

Zhu

¹

,

Qiu

²

,

Sun³

2017

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Titanium was prepared from TiCl 4 in molten NaCl-KCl-NaF salt. The product of the reaction of TiCl 4 with NaF was identified using X-ray diffraction, and its electrochemical behavior was studied using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. The electrochemical deposition of titanium was investigated during the addition of TiCl 4 to NaClKCl-NaF melts. The results indicate that Na 2 TiF 6 was first obtained through the reaction of NaF with TiCl 4 in the NaFKCl-NaCl melt, and Na 2 TiF 6 was decomposed to Na + and [TiF 6 ] 2− in the melts. [TiF 6 ] 2− was then sequentially reduced to [TiF 6 ] 3− and Ti at the cathode, accompanied by chlorine gas emission at the anode and fluoride formation at the cathode.

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The Influence of Fluoride Anion on the Equilibrium between Titanium Ions and Electrodeposition of Titanium in Molten Fluoride–Chloride Salt

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Electrodeposition of Titanium in Water−Soluble KF−KCl Molten Salt

Electrodeposition of Titanium in Water−Soluble KF−KCl Molten Salt

Electrodeposition of Titanium in a Water-Soluble KF–KCl Molten Salt

Preparation of Titanium from TiCl<sub>4</sub> in a Molten Fluoride-chloride Salt

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