Overactive bladder (OAB) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common conditions that often require chronic medications. Treatment for OAB includes older antimuscarinic agents (oxybutynin) and newer agents (tolterodine, trospium chloride, darifenacin, and solifenacin). Treatment for LUTS includes the 5-α reductase inhibitors, (fi nasteride and dutasteride) and α1-adrenergic antagonists (prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, alfuzosin, and tamsulosin). Many medications have the potential to interact with food. This article addresses the effects of food on the current treatments for OAB and LUTS and the clinical considerations for their optimal dosing with regard to food.