The influence of gravitational binding energy on cosmic expansion dynamics: new perspectives for cosmology

Abstract

Confronted with microwave background observations by WMAP and with consternating supernova locations in the magnitude-redshift diagram modern cosmology feels enforced to call for cosmic vacuum energy as a necessary cosmological ingredient. Most often this vacuum energy is associated with Einstein's cosmological constant or with so-called "dark energy". A positive value of describes an inflationary action on cosmic dynamics which in view of recent cosmological data appears as an absolute need. In this article, however, we question the hypothesis of a constant vacuum energy density since not justifiable on physical grounds. Instead we show that gravitational binding energy of cosmic matter, connected with ongoing structure formation during cosmic expansion, acts similar to vacuum energy, since it reduces the effective gravitating proper mass density. Thus one may be encouraged to believe that actions of cosmic vacuum energy and gravitational binding energy concerning their cosmological effects are closely related to each other, perhaps in some respects even have identical phenomenologies.Based on results presented in this article we propose that the generally wanted action of vacuum energy on cosmic spacetime dynamics inevitably leads to a decay of vacuum energy density. Connected with this decay is a decrease of cosmic binding energy and the generation of new effective gravitating mass in the universe. If this all is adequately taken into account by the energy-momentum tensor of the H.-J. Fahr · M. Sokaliwska ( ) Argelander GR field equations, one is then led to non-standard cosmologies which for the first time can guarantee the conservation of the total energy both in static and expanding universes.We describe the structuring of cosmic matter by a change in time of the 2-point correlation-function. We do show here that cosmic structure formation drives accelerated cosmic expansion and feigns the action of vacuum energy density.

Quantum vacuum and virtual gravitational dipoles: the solution to the dark energy problem?

“…It is important to note that simultaneously with our work, on the basis of thermodynamic considerations (Fahr, 2012), it was suggested that dark energy density "drops off with the expansion inversely proportional to the square of the cosmic scale", what is support to our results (19) and (20) which are basis for conclusion that the exponential expansion is suppressed.…”

“…We are probably in the throes of a new scientific "revolution y a satisfactory physical quantum gravitational theory. The present Letter belongs to a wave of new publications (for instance: Alfonso-Faus 2011, Benoit-Levy 2011, Fahr 2012, Fullana 2012, Gine 2012, Santos 2010, Villata 2011 rich in ideas which may be or may not be useful (we never know in advance) on the difficult way towards the future complete theory. In the useful crowd of new ideas (if one of many ideas is the right one it is the scientific victory of a generation) my work can easily be distinguished: for the first time the reality of the quantum vacuum is combined with the hypothesis that gravitation can be repulsive.…”

Remaining Problems in Interpretation of the Cosmic Microwave Background

“…To enable this argumentation a Maxwellian analogy of gravity to electromagnetism was adopted. This, however, seems justified through papers like those by Fahr [36] and Fahr and Sokaliwska [37] were it is shown that the anomalous gravity needed for stably rotating disk galaxies and needed for conformal invariance of gravity fields with respect to special relativistic transformations do require the gravitational actions of mass currents.…”

Stellar matter distribution with scale-invariant hierarchical structuring

“…In the following part of the paper we shall attempt to give an answer to this delicate question. While in earlier papers [3][4][5] we considered the effect of gravitational binding energy formation connected with hierarchical clusterings, we here shall especially study what average cosmic mass densities under these conditions could mean.…”