The Influence of Green Roofs on Runoff Water Quality: A Case Study from Estonia

Teemusk, Alar; Mander, Ülo

doi:10.1007/s11269-011-9877-z

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the opinion of the authors, the release of total nitrogen and phosphates from the surface of green roofs can be related to additional fertilisation, as the application of conventional fertilisers contributes to increased concentration of various forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff waters. Therefore, care should be taken to use fertilisers with controlled rate of nutrient release [42]. In an experiment conducted within the scope of a study on the chemistry of rain waters, MacAvoy [4] demonstrated, for 9 rainfall events, the occurrence of higher concentrations of NO 3…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Pęczkowski

Kowalczyk

Szawernoga

et al. 2018

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the scope of the conducted experiment the authors analysed the efficiency of runoff reduction by the system of extensive type green roofs. The observations were based on storm events in the area of Lower Silesia at the Agro and Hydrometeorology Station Wrocław-Swojec. The authors analysed the thickness of plant substrate, and also estimated the quality of runoff waters under the conditions of periodic atmospheric deposition. Also considered were such indicators as electrolytic conductivity, N, NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, P, PO43−. The experiment included roof substrates designed in two variants, with known hydraulic and physical properties of the soil material. The analysis was performed for models with vegetation layer based on pumice and zelolite, covered with five plant species from the sedum family. The modelling of the hydraulic properties was conducted with variably saturated medium, using the Hydrus 1D software. The performance of systems with primary layer thickness of 11 cm and 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 cm was estimated. The designed models reduced the average peak flows to 89%, and in addition they caused a delay in the initiation of the runoff which was dependent on the intensity and distribution of rainfalls in time, and on the initial moisture of the profiles. Simulations, performed for variable substrate thickness, permit the conclusion that in the case of thin-layer profiles (5 cm), the relative retention index was decidedly lower and amounted to 35.9% for the substrate with zeolite (originally 60.6%) and 41% for the substrate with pumice (originally 65.7%). In the case of total nitrogen and phosphates, statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in relation to specific concentrations in the rainwater and in the control surface. The total nitrogen in the runoff from the green roof was nearly twice as high as that in the rainwater and amounted to, on average, 8.3 mg L−1.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Pęczkowski

Kowalczyk

Szawernoga

et al. 2018

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most of the previous studies concentrate on the monitoring of green roof runoff quality [7,[9][10][11]14], not on substrate chemical composition. In some exceptions, e.g., [64], substrate mix components are analyzed for chemical composition but phosphorus, which excess loads have the potential to increase eutrophication risk for lakes and rivers, is not included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Low P-Emission Substrate for the Protection of Urban Water Bodies Collecting Green Roof Runoff

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urbanization leads to higher phosphorus (P) concentration in urban catchments. Among different stormwater retention measures, green roofs are the least efficient in phosphorus retention. Moreover, much research has shown that green roofs act as sources of phosphorus, and they can emit P in significant loads. In this study low P emission green roof substrate was developed based on the proposed step by step procedure for the selection of materials including laboratory tests, column experiments, and the monitoring of the open air green roof model. Developed substrate is the mixture of crushed red brick (35% of volume), crushed limestone (20% of volume), and sand (45% of volume), and is characterized by a bulk density of 1.52 g/cm 3 , water permeability of 9 mm/min, water capacity of 24.6% of volume, and granulometric composition that meets the Landscaping and Landscape Development Research Society (FLL) guidelines. Limestone was added to limit the potential P leaching from crushed red brick and vegetated mate consisted of Sedum album, Sedum acre, Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum spurium, Sedum reflexum, Sedum sexangulare, Dianthus deltoides, Dianthus carthusianorum, and Thymus vulgaris. The open air model experiment was run for 319 days, from March 2015 to February 2016. The total water runoff from the green roof model amounted to 43.3% of runoff from the reference roof. The only one runoff event polluted with phosphorus was connected with the outflow of melted snow from an unfreezing green roof model.

show abstract

“…Tema (Alsup et al, 2011;Beck et al, 2011;Buccola & Spolek, 2010;Hathaway et al, 2008;uoppamäki & Lehvävirta, 2016;Malcolm et al, 2014;Mendez et al, 2011;Razzaghmanesh et al, 2014;Schwager et al, 2014;Seidl et al, 2013;Teemusk & Mander, 2011;Vijayaraghavan & Raja, 2014;Vijayaraghavan & Raja, 2015) Influencia en la calidad de la escorrentía tratada asociada a distintas mezclas de componentes del sustrato como gravas, vermiculita y carbón vegetal, entre otros.…”

Section: Referenciaunclassified