“…Indonesian society is experiencing rapid growth in fashion, particularly among Gen Z, driven by technological advancements and lifestyle changes (Gunawan et al, 2022;Hinduan et al, 2020;Rahman & Indra, 2024;Simangunsong, 2018;Wijaya et al, 2020). E-commerce platforms like TikTok are catering to this trend, offering features like TiktokShop for online shopping.…”