The Influence of Hemodialysis on T Regulatory Cells: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Caprara, Carlotta; Kinsey, Gilbert R.; Corradi, Valentina; Xin, Wenjun; Jennie, Z.; Scalzotto, Elisa; Martino, Francesca; Okusa, Mark D.; Nalesso, Federico; Ferrari, Fiorenza; Rosner, Mitchell H.; Ronco, Claudio

doi:10.1159/000449242

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The pooled 1 and 5 min Apgar scores, 7.94 and 8.97, respectively, were not significantly different from the normal range ( 7 – 10 ). As expected, the 1 and 5 min Apgar scores had significant positive relationships ( P = 0.04, P = 0.04, respectively) with birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The meta-analysis included all studies. Pooled means on age, gestational age, blood assay values, antibody levels, and pooled prevalence on preterm birth, C-section delivery, vertical transmission, abnormal blood assay values, and elevated antibody levels were assessed using the Generalized Linear Mixed model; the meta-analysis was performed using the “meta” ( 10 ) and “metaprop” ( 11 ) packages in the R statistical software ( 12 ). The random effects model was applied to calculate the pooled prevalence and single means with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhang

Chu

Pei

et al. 2021

Front. Glob. Womens Health

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Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for further research on its manifestation in pregnant women, since they are particularly prone to respiratory pathogens, like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), due to physiological changes during pregnancy. Its effects on infants born to mothers with COVID-19 are also not well-studied, and more evidence is needed on vertical transmission of the disease from mother to infant and on the transmission of IgG/IgM antibodies between mother and infant. We aim to systematically review and evaluate the effects of COVID-19 among SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women in late pregnancy and neonates with SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant mothers using blood assays to find indicators of maternal and neonatal complications. We searched for original published articles in Google Scholar, Medline (PubMed), and Embase databases to identify articles in the English language from December 2019 to July 20, 2020. Duplicate entries were searched by their titles, authors, date of publication, and Digital Object Identifier. The selected studies were included based on patient pregnancy on admission, pregnant mothers with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 virus, maternal/neonatal complications, and blood test results. We excluded duplicate studies, articles where full text was not available, other languages than English, opinions, and perspectives. The meta-analysis using the Generalized Linear Mixed model was conducted using the “meta” and “metaprop” packages in R code. Of the 1,642 studies assessed for eligibility, 29 studies (375 mothers and neonates) were included. Preterm birth rate was 34.2%, and cesarean section rate was 82.7%. Maternal laboratory findings found elevated neutrophils (71.4%; 95% CI: 38.5–90.9), elevated CRP (67.7%; 95%: 50.6–81.1), and low hemoglobin (57.3%; 95% CI: 26.0–87.8). We found platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase, and procalcitonin to be less strongly correlated with preterm birth than between high neutrophil counts (P = 0.0007), low hemoglobin (P = 0.0188), and risk of preterm birth. There is little evidence for vertical transmission. Elevated procalcitonin levels (23.2%; 95% CI: 8.4–49.8) are observed in infants born to mothers with COVID-19, which could indicate risk for neonatal sepsis. These infants may gain passive immunity to COVID-19 through antibody transfer via placenta. These results can guide current obstetrical care during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhang

Chu

Pei

et al. 2021

Front. Glob. Womens Health

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“…We studied the expression of these molecules over a period spanning from before transplantation up to one year after transplantation, and we observed that pre-transplant levels of CTLA-4 and FOXP3 were significantly reduced compared to healthy subjects. Accordingly, recent studies and a meta-analysis have suggested that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and RRT influence immunity by lowering CD4 + lymphocytes and Tregs (25)(26). After transplantation, we documented a robust decrease in both CTLA-4 and FOXP3 expression compared to baseline levels, probably due a combined effect of immunosuppressive treatment and immune response.…”

Section: Association Between Atcmr Onset and Clinical Or Molecular Vasupporting

confidence: 47%

“…Peripheral venous blood (3 ml) was drawn directly into Tempus Blood RNA tubes (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA-US), according to the manufacturer's protocol, frozen and stored at -20°C until processing. Whole blood total RNA was extracted using a Tempus Spin RNA isolation (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.), which uses an RNA isolation method (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) aTCMR-free vs. aTCMR-positive patients) was normalized with the 2 -∆CT logarithm 10 (log2 -∆CT ) compared to the endogenous control, to correct the asymmetric distribution of the data.…”

Section: Rna Isolation and Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of molecular profiling of regulatory T cell biomarkers by using non- invasive strategies to predict outcome in renal transplantation

Canossi

Iesari

Lai

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background. T-cell mediated acute rejection (aTCMR) is still an issue in kidney transplantation for it is associated with chronic rejection, graft loss, and overall worse outcomes. For these reasons, a standard non-invasive molecular tool to detect is desirable to offer a simpler monitoring of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The purpose of our study was to examine, in peripheral blood before and after transplantation, the expression patterns of regulatory T cell (Treg)-related genes: the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and the two CTLA-4 isoforms (full-length and soluble) to predict aTCMR onset, de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSA) development and renal dysfunction one year after transplantation. Methods. We profiled by using a relative quantification analysis (qRT-PCR 2-∆∆CT) the circulating mRNA levels of these biomarkers in peripheral blood of 89 KTRs within the first post-transplant year (at baseline and 15, 60, 365 days after transplantation and when possible at acute rejection) and compared the results with 24 healthy controls. Results. The three mRNA levels drastically reduced 15 days after transplantation and gradually recovered at one year in comparison with baseline, with very low levels by the time of aTCMR for FOXP3 (RQ=0.445, IQR=0.086-1.264, p=0.040). Healthy controls exhibited higher FOXP3 levels than patients at baseline (median RQ: 2.132, IQR=1.664-2.895 vs. p=0.005). Noteworthy, solCTLA-4 displayed a dual profile: on the one hand, at multivariate analysis solCTLA-4 transcripts at 15 days were associated with an increased risk of aTCMR over time (HR=3.905, 95%CI: 0.958-15.916, p=0.050), and graft dysfunction at one year (AOR=3.683, 95%CI=1.165-12.079, p=0.027); on the other hand, pre-transplant levels showed a protective association with de novo DSAs development (HR=0.189, 95%CI=0.078-0.459, p<0.001). Conclusions. Peripheral blood mRNA levels of Treg-associated molecules might help shape immunosuppression, tailor monitoring and achieve a better long-term clinical course of kidney transplantation in the wake of “precision medicine”. While the potential of these molecules as a therapeutic target needs further investigation, we found out preliminary evidence that solCTLA-4 can qualify as a candidate non-invasive biomarker of cellular and humoral alloreactivity in clinical transplantation.

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“…With regard to Tregs, the influence of dialysis on their counts and function remains to be further clarified ( 43 – 45 ). Thus, a recent meta-analysis showed that ESKD patients not undergoing dialysis displayed a lower percentage of Tregs on CD4+ T-cells compared to healthy individuals, but on the other hand no significant difference was observed with respect to Tregs percentage between hemodialysis patients and healthy individuals ( 44 ). We found no significant differences between the percentage of Tregs on total lymphocytes and normal controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Circulating CD14++CD16+ Monocytes, Natural Killer Cells and Regulatory T Cells Subpopulations With Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cohort of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

et al. 2021

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The altered expression of immune cells including monocyte subsets, natural killer (NK) cells and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in end-stage kidney disease, affect the modulation of inflammation and immunity with significant clinical implications. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of specific immune cells subpopulations and their correlations with phenotypes of established cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Materials and Methods: 29 stable PD patients and 13 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Demographic, laboratory, bioimpedance measurements, lung ultrasound and echocardiography data were collected. The peripheral blood immune cell subsets analysis was performed using flow cytometry.Results: PD patients compared to normal controls had lower total lymphocytes (22.3 ± 6.28 vs. 31.3 ± 5.54%, p = <0.001) and B-lymphocytes (6.39 ± 3.75 vs. 9.72 ± 3.63%, p = 0.01) as well as higher CD14++CD16+ monocytes numbers (9.28 ± 6.36 vs. 4.75 ± 2.75%, p = 0.0002). PD patients with prevalent CAD had NK cells levels elevated above median values (85.7 vs. 40.9%, p = 0.04) and lower B cells counts (3.85 ± 2.46 vs. 7.2 ± 3.77%, p = 0.03). Patients with increased NK cells (>15.4%) had 3.8 times higher risk of CAD comparing with patients with lower NK cell levels (95% CI, 1.86 – 77.87; p = 0.034). B cells were inversely associated with the presence of CAD (increase of B-lymphocyte by 1% was associated with 30% less risk for presence of CAD (95% CI, −0.71 – 0.01; p = 0.05). Overhydrated patients had lower lymphocytes counts (18.3 ± 4.29% vs. 24.7 ± 6.18%, p = 0.006) and increased NK cells [20.5% (14.3, 23.6) vs. 13.21% (6.23, 19.2), p = 0.04)]. In multiple logistic regression analysis the CRP (OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.00 – 2.05; p = 0.04)] and lymphocytes counts (OR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63–0.99; p = 0.04)] were associated with the presence of lung comets. Patients with higher NK cells (>15.4%, n = 15) were more likely to be rapid transporters (D/P creatinine 0.76 ± 0.1 vs. 0.69 ± 0.08, p = 0.04). Patients displaying higher Tregs (>1.79%) were older (70.8 ± 10.7 years vs. 57.7 ± 14.7years, p = 0.011) and had higher nPCR (0.83 ± 0.14 vs. 0.91 ± 0.17, p = 0.09).Conclusion: Future research is required to evaluate the role of immune cells subsets as potential tools to identify patients at the highest risk for complications and guide interventions.

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The Influence of Hemodialysis on T Regulatory Cells: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Laboratory Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Laboratory Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Monitoring of molecular profiling of regulatory T cell biomarkers by using non- invasive strategies to predict outcome in renal transplantation

The Association of Circulating CD14++CD16+ Monocytes, Natural Killer Cells and Regulatory T Cells Subpopulations With Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cohort of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

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