The Influence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection on ORAL Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus

Rotaru, Doina Iulia; Chisnoiu, Radu Marcel; Kui, Andreea; Bolboacă, Sorana D.; Chisnoiu, Andrea Maria

doi:10.3390/ijerph18179382

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Until now, the hepatitis-C virus (HCV) has been the most studied virus that is connected with the aetiology of OLP. There are a lot of studies devoted to the question of the hepatitis C virus link with LP [33][34][35]. It is established that in different geographical locations, the influence of environmental and genetic factors is also different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Aspects of EBV and Oral Mucosa Interactions in Oral Lichen Planus

Čēma,

Kakar,

Dzudzilo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory process activated by an unknown antigen, making basal keratinocytes vulnerable to a cytotoxic cell mediated immune response. The aim of this review is to summarize information on the role and pathways of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and immune cells in inducing OLP as an autoimmune lesion. The pathogenesis of OLP is analyzed from immunological aspects of interactions between EBV and oral mucosa. The results of the available studies allow us to assume that EBV can act both as an exogenous and an endogenous antigen in the pathogenesis of OLP. We emphasized the role of antigen-presenting cells (APC), such as dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, LC), in detecting and capturing antigens and modulating the adaptive immune response. Although EBV shows tropism for B cells and epithelial cells, under certain conditions it can infect monocytes, LCs, NK, and T lymphocytes. It means that under some circumstances of the chronic inflammatory process, EBV particles can react as endogenous agents. During the development of the autoimmune process, a decisive role is played by the loss of immune tolerance. Factors like the activity of cytokines, chemokines, and autoantibodies secreted by EBV-positive plasma cells, autoantigens formed due to virus protein mimicry of human proteins, new self-peptides released from damaged tissues, self-reactive B and T cells, dysregulation of LC function, the anti-apoptotic effect of EBV early lytic antigens, and an imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune cells facilitate the development of an autoimmune process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Aspects of EBV and Oral Mucosa Interactions in Oral Lichen Planus

Čēma,

Kakar,

Dzudzilo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral disease having a prevalence from 0.5% to 2.0% of the general population (1). The percentage of lichen planus patients having both skin and oral lesions is between 50% to 70%, while the percentage of patients having OLP alone is 25% of total lichen planus patients (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin D level in healthy individuals versus patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic oral lichen planus

H¹,

Hussein²,

Sadek³

et al. 2022

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)

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The aetiology of oral lichen planus (OLP) is multifactorial, having variable triggers. A role for vitamin D related to the immune system has been established. Vitamin D modulating effect is on the adaptive and innate immune responses. Our study aimed to compare serum levels of vitamin D in patients having different clinical symptoms of OLP (symptomatic or asymptomatic) with healthy individuals. Also, in this study, for further evaluation, the expression level of interleukin-17A and interleukin-6 (IL-17A and IL-6) was evaluated because the presence of active vitamin D reduces the expression of these proinflammatory factors. This study was included three groups with 30 volunteers in each. The first group included asymptomatic oral lichen planus patients (reticular or plaque-like lesions). The second group consisted of symptomatic oral lichen planus patients (atrophic or bullous-erosive lesions). In contrast, the third group consisted of healthy control subjects. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured between the three groups and then correlated with clinical manifestation of oral lichen planus, either symptomatic or non-symptomatic. The Real-Time PCR technique was used to evaluate the expression of IL-17A and IL-6. Patients with symptomatic OLP (second group) had statistically significantly lower Vitamin D levels than asymptomatic OLP patients (first group). Healthy Controls (third group) exhibited statistically significantly higher vitamin D levels than OLP groups. The results of IL-17A and IL-6 genes expression showed that the presence of vitamin D had a statistically significant effect on reducing the expression of these two pro-inflammatory cytokines among symptomatic and asymptomatic OLP patients. Also, the results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between OLP patients (group I and II) and the control group (group III). In general, the current study results showed that lack of vitamin D had an important role in initiating or increasing the OLP's severity.

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