The Influence of Hydrometeorological Conditions on Changes in Littoral and Riparian Vegetation of a Meromictic Lake in the Last Half-Century

Abstract

Changes in water levels in lakes play an important role in the development of their coastal zones and water trophy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of changes in hydrometeorological conditions in the development of littoral and riparian vegetation of a meromictic lake during the last half-century. The study was carried out in Lake Powidzkie, one of the largest water reservoirs located in central Poland. Water level and meteorological conditions were analyzed in the period 1961–2015. Modifications in the range of plant communities were analyzed on the basis of cartographic materials and field studies. Meteorological conditions, especially precipitation and evaporation, were found to strongly affect the lake's water retention, whilst they had less of an effect on water levels. A significant effect of the lowering of the water level in Lake Powidzkie on the development of the littoral zone, whose area more than doubled over the last half-century, from 41.5 to 118.8 ha, was noted. The most dynamic development of the littoral was observed in the last quarter of the century, in which three of several years of low-flow were recorded. The occurrence of periods with an increased amount of precipitation, after dry periods, did not contribute to the reduction of the size of the rush zone and limitation of the development of woody vegetation.

Research on the Impact of Tourism Development on the Sustainable Development of Reservoir Headwater Area Using China’s Tingxi Reservoir as an Example

“…Furthermore, construction is a type of change and should be a change for the better, to better meet the needs of human beings and to make the existing natural landscape and ecology more sustainable. Therefore, from the perspective of conservation measures, leisure environment, tourism facilities, landscape and ecological environment, we can look into issues such as public transportation, parking and open space, Internet communication, monuments and buildings, residents' environmental awareness, visitors' environmental quality, garbage volume, forest and ecological habitat, motor vehicle fumes, water source, and air quality [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], which is helpful to understand the impact of development on the existing environment.…”

“…By conducting a survey based on environmental issues such as the community environment, the villagers' environmental literacy, preservation of historical sites, awareness of ecological conservation, coordination of conservation policies, maintenance of tourist trails and bicycle lanes, tourism transportation planning, Wi-Fi network speed, bicycle rental, community modernization and scale, rest and parking space, experience of tourism activities, water and air quality, fumes from steam and locomotives, mountain slope development, etc. can be determined [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Social issues can be identified such as tourism visibility, quality of services and activities, content of community activities, friendly treatment of village culture, tourism indicators or descriptions, tourism and leisure facilities, human resources, DIY activities, hardware and software facilities, tourism environment and space quality, indigenous cultural traditions and historical relics, the image of tourism companies or organizations, the promotion of traditional cultural activities, the interaction mechanism between villagers and tourists, the number and popularity of traditional culture and characteristic industries, the management and safety maintenance of activities, the allocation of service or management personnel, the sense of travel security, the willingness to travel again, etc.…”

Recharge and drainage of lakes in the Powidzki Landscape Park in conditions of increased anthropogenic and environmental pressure (central-western Poland)

“…This phe nom e non in ten si fies with an increase in the area of reeds and coastal veg e ta tion (Nowak, 2010;Rösler et al, 2013). It is worth emphasising that a decrease in the wa ter ta ble in lakes over the last 30 years was accom pa nied by an in crease in the share of hygrophilic plant groups in the lit to ral zone of the lakes ana lysed (Nowak et al, 2011;Nowak, 2018;Nowak and Lawniczak-Malinska, 2019). Com bined with the ob served in crease in tem per a ture in the area (Kędziora, 2008;Nowak, 2018), this re sults in an increased share of evap o ra tion in the drain age of the lakes.…”

“…Lake sur face ar eas at par tic u lar lev els of the wa ter ta ble were de termined based on an in te grated land re lief model con sid er ing the dig i tal ter rain model de vel oped based on data from the LIDAR tech nol ogy and pre vi ously digit ised bathymetric plans of the lakes. The meth od ol ogy of the work is de scribed Nowak and Lawniczak-Malinska, 2019). Pre cip i ta tion val ues were as sumed based on me te o ro log ical data ob tained from the IMGW-PIB and KWB Konin pre cip ita tion sta tions in the study area.…”

Monitoring the Water Mass Balance Variability of Small Shallow Lakes by an ERA5-Land Reanalysis and Water Level Measurement-Based Model. An Application to the Trasimeno Lake, Italy

“…Together with intense precipitation, evaporation affects the lake's water storage and then its level. Shifts in precipitation due to evaporation cause changes in the water budget and residence time of lakes, as well as in their depth and areal extent [10,[14][15][16]. However, the sensitivity of the water level to climate change and the extent of future variations remains quite uncertain in quantitative terms [1].…”