The Influence of Impregnation, Drying and Activation on the Activity and Distribution of Cuo on α-Alumina

Kotter, M.; Riekert, L.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2991(09)60204-4

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This may be due to the low drying rate resulted from the low drying temperature; hence the Zn metal remains in the catalyst support after the undergoing of the drying process. In accordance with Kotter [10], who state that the low drying rate may lead to the formation of crystals which remain at the catalyst support pore or precisely in the core of the catalyst support particle. Warren [11], explained that the heat transfer by slow convection causes a slow solvent flow to evaporation surface.…”

Section: Drying Temperature Analysissupporting

confidence: 79%

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Selpiana¹,

Bahrin²,

Habibie³

et al. 2023

IJFAC

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Metal supported catalysts are used in many catalytic cracking processes. Experiments have shown that the increasing of metal loaded within the catalyst support may affected the increasing of cracking process conversion and selectivity. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of increasing the metal loaded is needed. In this study, Zinc on Alumina supported catalyst was prepared using the dry and wet impregnation methods to obtain the best amount of Zn metal content in Al2O3 as catalyst support with good characteristics for catalytic cracking. The prepared precursor solution in wet impregnation method was varied in concentration. While the dry impregnation method was varied in drying temperature. The Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy test results the metal content of Zn on the variation of precursor solution concentration on 0,5 M; 2,5 M; 4,5 M are 1,06%; 9,65%; 15,91% and in the variation of the drying temperature at 25ºC, 50ºC, and 80ºC respectively are 18,32%; 12,48%; and 39,07%. Characteristics analysis through X-Ray Diffraction, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller, and Scanning Electron Microscopy tests have also been carried out on samples with the highest metal content of 39,07% and samples with the lowest metal content of 1,06%.

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Section: Drying Temperature Analysissupporting

confidence: 79%

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Selpiana¹,

Bahrin²,

Habibie³

et al. 2023

IJFAC

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“…Eggshell catalysts can be produced during drying depending on the relative strength of adsorption, diffusion, and convection. During drying, the liquid solution is transported by capillary flow and diffusion − and the precursor may be redistributed by adsorption/desorption phenomena. , Solvent with higher viscosity could prevent migration of the active phase and lead to a more uniform distribution of cobalt atoms inside the catalyst grains. The approach based on solutions of chelated metal complexes with high viscosity was further developed in work by de Jong and co-workers …”

Section: 15 Eggshell Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Development of Novel Cobalt Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts for Synthesis of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons and Clean Fuels

2007

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Currently, there are two FT operating modes: [11][12][13] highand low-temperature FT processes (Figure 1). In the hightemperature FT (573-623 K, HTFT) process 14 syngas reacts in a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of iron-based catalyst to yield hydrocarbons in the C1-C15 hydrocarbon range. This process is primarily used to produce liquid fuels, although a number of valuable chemicals, e.g., R-olefins, can be extracted from the crude synthetic oil. Oxygenates in the aqueous stream are separated and purified to produce alcohols, acetic acid, and ketones including acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone.Both iron and cobalt (Fe, Co) catalysts can be used in the low-temperature FT (473-513 K, LTFT) process 8,10 (Figure 1) for synthesis of linear long-chain hydrocarbon waxes and paraffins. High-quality sulfur-free diesel fuels are produced in this process. Most of the FT technologies developed in last two decades are based on the LTFT process. These new LTFT processes have involved syngas with a high H 2 /CO ratio, which is generated by vaporeforming, autothermal reforming, or partial oxidation using natural gas as a feedstock.Because of their stability, higher per pass conversion, 8 and high hydrocarbon productivity, cobalt catalysts represent the optimal choice for synthesis of long-chain hydrocarbons in the LTFT process.

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“…Some authors have stated that prevention of redistribution during drying is the key to obtain a highly dispersed and homogeneously distributed metal (oxide) phase. These findings are mainly based on comparison of extrudates, spheres, or pellets that were impregnated and dried using a metal nitrate (e.g., Ni or Fe) or citrate salt, and on the addition of polysaccharide carbohydrates (e.g., hydroxyethylcellulose) to Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O precursor solutions. ,– These studies indicated that the use of chelating salts or the addition of viscosity-increasing agents to aqueous nitrate solutions prevented the formation of egg-shell type distributions. Besides homogeneous precursor distributions, the metal dispersion of the final catalyst was also found to increase largely with these chelating precursor salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordered Mesoporous Silica to Study the Preparation of Ni/SiO₂ ex Nitrate Catalysts: Impregnation, Drying, and Thermal Treatments

et al. 2008

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In this contribution, we investigated the preparation of Ni/SiO 2 catalysts with aqueous [Ni(OH 2 ) 6 ](NO 3 ) 2 solutions via the impregnation and drying method using ordered mesoporous silica SBA-15 (mesopore diameter of 9 nm) as model support to study each step in the preparation: impregnation, drying, calcination, and reduction. After impregnation, not all the mesopores of SBA-15 appeared filled with precursor solution. Consecutive drying led to formation of 9 nm Ni 3 (NO 3 ) 2 (OH) 4 crystallites exclusively within the mesopores. During air calcination, severe sintering and redistribution took place, resulting in a low NiO dispersion, including large NiO crystals outside of the mesopores and rodlike NiO particles inside the mesopores. The degree of sintering depended on the concentration of Ni 3 (NO 3 ) 2 (OH) 4 decomposition products (NO 2 , N 2 O, O 2 and H 2 O), and in particular NO 2 and O 2 were found to promote sintering and redistribution. Therefore, maintaining low concentrations of the latter components during the thermal nitrate decomposition is advocated, which was achieved by carrying out the treatment in the presence of H 2 . The latter treatment prevented formation of NO 2 /O 2 as decomposition products, moderated the decomposition rate of Ni 3 (NO 3 ) 2 (OH) 4 into NiO as observed from in situ XRD experiments, and led to NiO particles of 3 nm on average at a loading of 20 wt % Ni/SiO 2 .

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The Influence of Impregnation, Drying and Activation on the Activity and Distribution of Cuo on α-Alumina

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Advances in the Development of Novel Cobalt Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts for Synthesis of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons and Clean Fuels

Ordered Mesoporous Silica to Study the Preparation of Ni/SiO₂ ex Nitrate Catalysts: Impregnation, Drying, and Thermal Treatments

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The Influence of Impregnation, Drying and Activation on the Activity and Distribution of Cuo on α-Alumina

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Preparation and Characterization of Catalyst Zn/Al2O3 Catalyst Using Dry and Wet Impregnation Method

Advances in the Development of Novel Cobalt Fischer−Tropsch Catalysts for Synthesis of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons and Clean Fuels

Ordered Mesoporous Silica to Study the Preparation of Ni/SiO2 ex Nitrate Catalysts: Impregnation, Drying, and Thermal Treatments

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Ordered Mesoporous Silica to Study the Preparation of Ni/SiO₂ ex Nitrate Catalysts: Impregnation, Drying, and Thermal Treatments