The Influence of Incinerated Sewage Sludge as an Aggregate on the Selected Properties of Cement Mortars

Rucińska, Teresa; Głowacka, Anna; Sidełko, Robert

doi:10.3390/ma14195846

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Also, the high moisture content and water absorption of sewage sludge result in higher water content in the mixture, affecting the hardening process. The presence of sewage sludge supports the swelling of raw material due to its high porosity and weak density, thereby causing an increase in the porosity of aggregates [27]. This leads to the formation of less dense and weaker aggregates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of sewage sludge based lightweight aggregate in geopolymer concrete

Thukkaram,

Arun Kumar

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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The global challenge of sewage sludge disposal has encouraged innovative solutions aimed at reducing environmental impact while simultaneously addressing the growing demand for sustainable construction materials. This study aimed to develop treated raw sewage sludge-based lightweight aggregates with strength comparable to commercially available aggregates. Two methods, namely cold bonding and sintering, were employed for the formation of aggregates. The sintering method produced well-formed and hard aggregates, while the cold bonded aggregates exhibited weakness and disintegrated under the slightest pressure. The optimal mix for quality aggregates was found to be 10-20% sewage sludge, 70-80% fly ash, and 10% lime using the sintering method. In the sintering method, an increase in sewage sludge content resulted in the reduction of bulk density and specific gravity by 13% and 4% respectively due to the high organic content in sewage sludge, volatile gas release, and porous structure formation. When 10% to 20% sewage sludge content was added, water absorption of the aggregates also increased by approximately 2%. Physical properties such as individual pellet strength. aggregate crushing value reduced by 18%, 20% respectively and the aggregate impact value increased by about 9%. These aggregates were then used to produce lightweight geopolymer concrete, which exceeded the design strength by 7% for the aggregate containing 20% sewage sludge and demonstrated excellent physical properties. The use of waste-based aggregates offers advantages including savings in cost, sustainability, resource conservation, waste reduction, and reduced environmental impact, making them a valuable alternative to natural crushed stone aggregates in specific applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of sewage sludge based lightweight aggregate in geopolymer concrete

Thukkaram,

Arun Kumar

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…The compounds form a fine crystalline and poorly permeable layer, which limit the hydration process. Hence poorly soluble phosphate can crystallize in the pores of the paste [28]. hydration reaction allows the transformation of the binder paste from the liquid state to the solid state.…”

Section: Mineralogical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These minerals are combined to form a calcium phosphate mineral weakly soluble in a basic environment[19]. It is known that the occurrence of phosphorus affects the setting time[28]. As shown in Table1the amount of Mg is 3.90% in FSSA while no Mg has been identified in the CFA or their concentration was below the detection level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Characteristics of Hydrated Lime with Fine Sewage Sludge Ash (FSSA) and Coal Fly Ash (CFA)

Sall¹,

Wade²,

Dieye³

et al. 2022

JMMCE

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The disposal of waste has become an environmental issue due to the limited available landfilling space. This paper aims to compare the characteristics of hydrated lime with fine sewage sludge ash (FSSA) and coal fly ash (CFA). Multiple techniques, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), compressive strengths, thermophysical properties, and setting time were used to assess the physicochemical characteristics of the lime-based materials. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction were used to determine the chemical composition and phases of ashes, lime and binders. The results showed that the chemical composition of ashes is similar to that of cement. Besides glass, the main minerals identified in CFA and FSSA are quartz (SiO 2 ) and anhydrite (CaSO 4 ). Moreover, calcium aluminium oxide (Ca 3 Al 2 O 6 ) was detected for CFA and phosphorus calcium silicate (Ca 2 SiO 4 -Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) for FSSA and minor phases were detected for both. FTIR measurements were carried out to characterize the inorganics components of different samples. Compressive strengths of mortars with different formulations have shown that both have a long-term positive effect which might be related to a pozzolanic activity. For the CFA the L 3 binder consisting of 60% of coal fly ash and 40% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others while for the FSSA the L 4 binder consisting of 80% fine ash and 20% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others. Both binders setting start times are greater than that of cement but shorter than that of lime. The study of the thermophysical properties of binders shows that they have a higher thermal resistance than cement mortar. Moreover, binders heat up less quickly because of their low effusivity compared to cement. Lime-based ma-

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“…The EDS analysis showed no chlorides in the tested specimens. In the case of burnt sewage sludges, other researchers also confirm the lack of chlorides [48,53]. According to the Polish regulations [54], ashes and slags created during the sewage sludge burning can be used for preparing the mixes for construction purposes, excluding, however, the use in buildings destined for the permanent residence of people or animals and the buildings with food processing.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Tested Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Strength and Thermal Properties of Cement Concrete Containing Waste Materials as Substitutes for Fine Aggregate

et al. 2022

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The increasing volume of waste and the requirements of sustainable development are the reasons for the research on new waste management concepts. The research results presented in this paper show the effect of recycled aggregate on the selected properties of cement concrete. The aggregates obtained from three types of wastes are tested: recycled concrete paving, crushed ceramic bricks, and burnt sewage sludges. The recycled aggregates replaced 25% and 50% of the volume of the fine aggregate. The tested aggregates worsen the concrete mixes’ consistency and decrease, to some extent, the compressive strength of the concrete. However, the tensile splitting strength of the concrete with recycled aggregates is similar to that of the reference concrete. Using recycled aggregates worsens the tightness of the concrete, which manifests itself by increasing water penetration depth. The thermal properties of concrete are slightly affected by the type and content of the recycled aggregate. Considering the expected improvement in recycled aggregate processing, they can be an alternative to natural aggregates. Using recycled aggregates in cement concrete requires extensive studies to search for ways to increase their possible content without worsening concrete performance.

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The Influence of Incinerated Sewage Sludge as an Aggregate on the Selected Properties of Cement Mortars

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Behaviour of sewage sludge based lightweight aggregate in geopolymer concrete

Behaviour of sewage sludge based lightweight aggregate in geopolymer concrete

Comparative Characteristics of Hydrated Lime with Fine Sewage Sludge Ash (FSSA) and Coal Fly Ash (CFA)

Mechanical Strength and Thermal Properties of Cement Concrete Containing Waste Materials as Substitutes for Fine Aggregate

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