The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review

Mohammed, Hazha; Sadique, Monower; Shaw, Andy; Brás, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101824

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Similarly, nanoindentation is used to observe the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of the concrete matrix and Computed Tomography (CT) to identify the pore-structure of the concrete. Poor bond capacity and the availability of higher air content in the concrete matrix with the inclusion of HDPE aggregates is due to the non-reactive (chemically inert) behavior that leads to reduced mechanical and durability performance of HDPE aggregate concrete [ 30 ]. Weaker bonds and lower adhesion strength between cement paste and the HDPE aggregates have occurred mainly due to the hydrophobic nature and the smooth and glossy surface texture of the HDPE particles in rounded shape than a crushed aggregate [ 14 , 15 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These weaker bonds have resulted in reducing the compressive and tensile strengths and the modulus of elasticity of both HDPE fine and coarse aggregate concretes with the increase of recycled HDPE percentage [ 12 , 14 , 19 , 22 , 23 ]. Apart from the weaker bonds between cement paste and HDPE particles, hydrophobic effect further limits the inhibition of the cement hydration by restricting the movement of water, and may lead to reduce both durability and mechanical performances of HDPE fine and coarse aggregate concrete with the increase of HDPE [ 30 ]. Additionally, higher porosity and large air bubbles entrapped in the HDPE fine and coarse aggregate concrete can result in reducing the compressive strength with the increase of HDPE [ 10 , 12 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering Performance of Concrete Incorporated with Recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)—A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Incorporating recycled plastic waste in concrete manufacturing is one of the most ecologically and economically sustainable solutions for the rapid trends of annual plastic disposal and natural resource depletion worldwide. This paper comprehensively reviews the literature on engineering performance of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) incorporated in concrete in the forms of aggregates or fiber or cementitious material. Optimum 28-days’ compressive and flexural strength of HDPE fine aggregate concrete is observed at HDPE-10 and splitting tensile strength at HDPE-5 whereas for HDPE coarse aggregate concrete, within the range of 10% to 15% of HDPE incorporation and at HDPE-15, respectively. Similarly, 28-days’ flexural and splitting tensile strength of HDPE fiber reinforced concrete is increased to an optimum of 4.9 MPa at HDPE-3 and 4.4 MPa at HDPE-3.5, respectively, and higher than the standard/plain concrete matrix (HDPE-0) in all HDPE inclusion levels. Hydrophobicity, smooth surface texture and non-reactivity of HDPE has resulted in weaker bonds between concrete matrix and HDPE and thereby reducing both mechanical and durability performances of HDPE concrete with the increase of HDPE. Overall, this is the first ever review to present and analyze the current state of the mechanical and durability performance of recycled HDPE as a sustainable construction material, hence, advancing the research into better performance and successful applications of HDPE concrete.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Performance of Concrete Incorporated with Recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)—A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…Microwave drying of natural rubber is a specific application of microwave drying that also has several research gaps. One such gap is the lack of knowledge about the effects of the microwave drying process on the mechanical properties of the natural rubber material [69]. The changes in the mechanical properties of natural rubber during microwave drying could potentially affect the performance of the natural rubber in its intended application, such as in the manufacturing of tires.…”

Section: Identified Research Gap In Microwave Drying Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on recent approaches on drying of natural rubber materials

Mathew,

Marshal S,

Palanisamy

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) is generally a product of tropical countries such as Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Due to its excellent physical properties, it is a widely used material in various industries, including tyre automotive, construction and medical. Natural rubber is often manufactured in wet form and must be dried to remove excess moisture and improve its mechanical properties. There are several methods for drying natural rubber, including vacuum drying, air drying, freeze drying and microwave drying. Microwave drying is a relatively new and promising method for drying natural rubber. This technology uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range to generate heat in the material, causing the moisture to evaporate. Microwave drying offers several advantages over traditional drying methods, including faster drying times, lower energy consumption and improved product quality. The natural rubber drying process is a complex process that consists of several factors such as humidity, temperature and drying time. Microwave drying is no exception and requires careful optimization of the process parameters to achieve optimal drying results. Research is currently underway to study the effects of microwave drying on natural rubber properties, including the physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties of the material. In this context, the article aims to provide an overview of the natural rubber drying process, with a particular focus on microwave drying. The article reviews the literature on the use of microwave drying for natural rubber and highlights the advantages and limitations of this method. The post also discusses the factors affecting the microwave drying process and their impact on the quality of the dried natural rubber. Finally, the paper identifies the gaps in our understanding of microwave drying of natural rubber and suggests potential areas for future research.

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“…It is also a chemically inert material, which suits with its incorporation as an aggregate in construction binders [10]. As a result, it has been used as fine aggregate in the production of lightweight concretes, where materials with good thermal behaviour are obtained, along with a lower workability as the HDPE content increases for the same water/cement ratio and a progressive decrease in compressive strength as the percentage of natural aggregate replaced by plastic waste is increased [11][12][13]. The use of HDPE has also been extended to the production of bituminous asphalt mixtures for civil engineering, obtaining a correct hardening of the mixture, as well as mechanical and wear resistance suitable for use in road construction [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initiative to Increase the Circularity of HDPE Waste in the Construction Industry: A Physico-Mechanical Characterization of New Sustainable Gypsum Products

Álvarez,

Ferrández,

Zaragoza-Benzal

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The annual production of plastic waste worldwide has doubled in just two decades, with approximately 390 million tonnes of plastic waste now being generated. In this context, the construction industry must move towards the development of new, more sustainable materials made under circular economy criteria. In this work, a physico-mechanical characterisation of gypsum composites with the incorporation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste, replacing 2–4–6–8–10% by volume of the original raw material, has been conducted. The results show how the incorporation of these plastic wastes improves the water resistance of the gypsum material without additions, as well as producing a decrease in thermal conductivity and greater resistance to impact. On the other hand, it has been found that, as the percentage of recycled raw material added increases, the mechanical resistance to bending and compression decreases, leading to fracture due to a lack of cohesion between the matrix and the waste. Nevertheless, in all the cases studied, mechanical strengths higher than those established by the EN 13279-2 standard were obtained. Thus, the results confirm the viability of these secondary raw materials to be used in the development of new products for sustainable building, especially in the design of prefabricated panels for false ceilings.

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The influence of incorporating plastic within concrete and the potential use of microwave curing; A review

Cited by 13 publications

References 69 publications

Engineering Performance of Concrete Incorporated with Recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)—A Systematic Review

Engineering Performance of Concrete Incorporated with Recycled High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)—A Systematic Review

An overview on recent approaches on drying of natural rubber materials

Initiative to Increase the Circularity of HDPE Waste in the Construction Industry: A Physico-Mechanical Characterization of New Sustainable Gypsum Products

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