The influence of ion effects on the Pd-catalyzed hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solutions

Chen, Xia; Liu, Ying; Zhou, Shiwei; Yang, Cuiyun; Liu, Sujing; Guo, Shuzheng; Liu, Qi; Yu, Junbao; Chen, Jiping

doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2009.03.018

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results showed that the addition of metal ions into the reaction system suppressed the activity of the catalyst and led to the decrease of the HDC rate. This phenomenon was possibly attributed to the adsorption of metal ions on the active sites of Pd/MWCNTs to lead to the deactivation of the catalyst as reported by Xia et al [21] The inhabitation action of heavy metal ions, such as Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ , was assigned to a metallic ions connecting with their orbitals and d-electrons, their d-electrons take part in the intermetallic bonds between the toxic metal and the catalyst and resulted in highly toxicity to the Pd catalyst. However, the Pd catalyst is not poisoned if the metal ions, such as Na + , have no d-electron to form the bond between the metal and the catalyst.…”

Section: Effects Of Metal Ion In Aqueous Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Effective Hydrodechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol Over Pd Deposited on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

Deng

Fan

Wang

2014

Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-

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Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) supported Pd nanoparticles were prepared by impregnation method and characterized by TEM, XRD, XPS, and FT-IR. The as-prepared catalyst Pd/MWCNTs exhibited excellent catalytic property for the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in aqueous medium without any additives under mild conditions. The results indicated that the choice of support and the introduction of metal ions played a significant role in the catalytic property for HDC of 4-CP. The high catalytic performance of Pd/MWCNTs was attributed to the highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles on the support MWCNTs and the interaction between support and metal actives.

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Section: Effects Of Metal Ion In Aqueous Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…However, the Pd catalyst is not poisoned if the metal ions, such as Na + , have no d-electron to form the bond between the metal and the catalyst. [21] …”

Section: Effects Of Metal Ion In Aqueous Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Hydrodechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol Over Pd Deposited on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

Deng

Fan

Wang

2014

Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-

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“…In the HDC process mediated by a Pd catalyst, the pH and halogenated ions may influence the reaction ( Creamer et al, 2007 ; Yuan and Keane, 2007 ; Xia et al, 2009 ). The degradation of iohexol was investigated in different reaction media and under different pH conditions ( Figure 6 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iohexol Degradation by Biogenic Palladium Nanoparticles Hosted in Anaerobic Granular Sludge

et al. 2018

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To improve the degradation ability of anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) toward the iodinated contrast media (ICM) iohexol, biogenic nanoscale palladium (Pd) was formed in AGS via microbial reduction. The Pd hosted in AGS (Pd-AGS) was used for iohexol degradation. The effects of the electron donor, reaction medium, iodide ion fouling, and polymer embedding of the Pd-AGS on the reactivity were investigated. Our results showed the Pd-AGS increased the degradation rate of iohexol, with a conversion rate constant increased by 86.3-fold compared to the AGS control. Various organic compounds were investigated as electron donors to initiate the catalytic activity of Pd-AGS and the promotion achieved with the tested electron donors was in the following order: formate > lactate > ethanol > glucose > acetate. The Pd-AGS had high reactivity in deionized water at mild pH, and almost no reactivity under acidic (pH = 1.2) and alkaline (pH > 11) conditions. The presence of iodide ions in the medium inhibited the catalytic activity of Pd-AGS toward iohexol because of catalyst fouling. Embedding the Pd-AGS in alginate, chitosan, or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) could prevent Pd loss but it also retarded the iohexol degradation rate. The Pd-AGS, as a combination of Pd catalyst and AGS, provides a novel strategy for iohexol degradation in polluted water and wastewater.

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“…The HDC of chlorinated organic compounds are generally performed in a conventional batch reactor with a powder Pd catalyst [11,[25][26][27][28]. A high formic acid (FA) consumption (FA/substrate molar ratio ≥35:1) and relatively long reaction time (tens of minutes or several hours) is required for a high dechlorination of the substrate during HDC, as FA is utilized to provide hydrogen [14,19,20,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Chlorophenols in a Continuous Flow Pd/CNT-Ni Foam Micro Reactor Using Formic Acid as a Hydrogen Source

Xiong

2019

Catalysts

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Catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) has been considered as a promising method for the treatment of wastewater containing chlorinated organic pollutants. A continuous flow Pd/carbon nanotube (CNT)-Ni foam micro reactor system was first developed for the rapid and highly efficient HDC with formic acid (FA) as a hydrogen source. This micro reactor system, exhibiting a higher catalytic activity of HDC than the conventional packed bed reactor, reduced the residence time and formic acid consumption significantly. The desired outcomes (dichlorination >99.9%, 4-chlorophenol outlet concentration <0.1 mg/L) can be obtained under a very low FA/substrate molar ratio (5:1) and short reaction cycle (3 min). Field emission scanning electron microcopy (FESEM) and deactivation experiment results indicated that the accumulation of phenol (the main product during the HDC of chlorophenols) on the Pd catalyst surface can be the main factor for the long-term deactivation of the Pd/CNT-Ni foam micro reactor. The catalytic activity deactivation of the micro reactor could be almost completely regenerated by the efficient removal of the absorbed phenol from the Pd catalyst surface.

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The influence of ion effects on the Pd-catalyzed hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solutions

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Effective Hydrodechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol Over Pd Deposited on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

Effective Hydrodechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol Over Pd Deposited on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

Iohexol Degradation by Biogenic Palladium Nanoparticles Hosted in Anaerobic Granular Sludge

Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Chlorophenols in a Continuous Flow Pd/CNT-Ni Foam Micro Reactor Using Formic Acid as a Hydrogen Source

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