The Influence of Ketone Bodies on Circadian Processes Regarding Appetite, Sleep and Hormone Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Masi, Davide; Spoltore, Maria Elena; Rossetti, Rebecca; Watanabe, Mikiko; Tozzi, Rossella; Caputi, Alessandra; Risi, Renata; Balena, Angela; Gandini, Orietta; Mariani, Stefania; Spera, Giovanni; Gnessi, Lucio; Lubrano, Carla

doi:10.3390/nu14071410

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…In the few available studies, there is insufficient evidence for the positive effects of alternate day fasting on glucose homeostasis, metabolic regulation and cardiovascular health [ 16 , 46 ]. It is known that TSH is a hormone that shows a circadian rhythm [ 47 ]. Independent of PCOS, TSH has been shown to increase after ketogenic diet [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eight-Hour Time-Restricted Feeding: A Strong Candidate Diet Protocol for First-Line Therapy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Feyzioglu,

Güven,

Avul

2023

Nutrients

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We aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-week program of 8 h time-restricted feeding (TRF) diet in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as determined by anthropometric, hormonal, metabolic profiles, and fecal calprotectin level. Thirty women diagnosed with PCOS underwent a 6-week 8 h TRF diet intervention. Age, anthropometric features (body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) and biochemical results were recorded. Free androgen index (FAI, defining hyperandrogenism) and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. Baseline (pre-diet) and 6-week post-diet findings were compared. Mean age was 25.57 ± 2.67 years. BMI (p < 0.001) and WHR (p = 0.001) were found to have significantly decreased after the diet, as well as the percentage of patients defined to have hyperandrogenism (p = 0.016). Reproductive hormone levels, FAI (p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001) were improved significantly. Metabolic parameters associated with glucose and lipid profiles were also significantly improved after the diet. Additionally, fecal calprotectin levels demonstrated a significant decrease from pre-diet to post-diet (p < 0.001). In conclusion, a 6-week diet intervention with 8 h TRF may be a suitable and effective intermittent fasting protocol that can be used as a first-line option in PCOS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that TSH is a hormone that shows a circadian rhythm [ 47 ]. Independent of PCOS, TSH has been shown to increase after ketogenic diet [ 47 ]. In our study, it was shown that TSH increased with TRF diet in patients with PCOS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight-Hour Time-Restricted Feeding: A Strong Candidate Diet Protocol for First-Line Therapy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Feyzioglu,

Güven,

Avul

2023

Nutrients

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“…For cachectic patients, this presents a daily nutritional stress that can drive progressive lean wasting. The canonical metabolic response to fasting is to utilize stored lipids, and, as a result, humans experience the highest levels of blood ketones during their sleep hours (Masi et al, 2022; McGarry and Foster, 1971). In the absence of lipid oxidation, the liver must utilize other substrates for gluconeogenic and ketogenic metabolism, such as glycogen and amino acids mobilized from the muscle (Felig, 1973; Rémésy and Demigné, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-6/STAT3 signaling drives early-stage pancreatic cancer cachexia via suppressed ketogenesis

Arneson‐Wissink

Mendez

Pelz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SUMMARYCancer cachexia is highly prevalent in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although advanced cachexia is associated with inflammatory signaling, the early events driving wasting are poorly defined. Using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC, we find that early cachexia is defined by a pronounced vulnerability to undernutrition, characterized by increased skeletal muscle wasting. PDAC suppresses lipid beta oxidation and impairs ketogenesis in the liver, which coordinates the adaptive response to nutritional scarcity. When PDAC mice are fed ketogenic diet, this effect is reversed, and muscle mass is preserved. Furthermore, physiologic levels of ketones are sufficient to protect myotubes against PDAC-associated wasting. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) drives liver metabolic reprogramming, and hepatocyte-specific loss of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is sufficient to prevent PDAC-associated muscle loss. Together, these studies define a key role for the liver in cachexia development and directly link skeletal muscle homeostasis to hepatic lipid oxidation.

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“…Notably, they have a big impact on signalling, affecting things like protein posttranslational modification. They also govern oxidative stress and inflammation, which emphasizes their significance for cellular function and overall metabolic management [21].…”

Section: Effects Of Beta-hydroxybutyrate In Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in traumatic brain injury

Arora,

Shastri,

Patel

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality rates in the United States. Current management strategies primarily focus on symptomatic approaches and prevention of secondary complications. However, recent research highlights the potential role of ketone bodies, particularly beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), in modulating cellular processes involved in TBI. This article reviews the metabolism of BHB, its effect in TBI, and its potential therapeutic impact in TBI. Recent findings BHB can be produced endogenously through fasting or administered exogenously through ketogenic diets, and oral or intravenous supplements. Studies suggest that BHB may offer several benefits in TBI, including reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, controlling excitotoxicity, promoting mitochondrial respiration, and supporting brain regeneration. Various strategies to modulate BHB levels are discussed, with exogenous ketone preparations emerging as a rapid and effective option. Summary BHB offers potential therapeutic advantages in the comprehensive approach to improve outcomes for TBI patients. However, careful consideration of safety and efficacy is essential when incorporating it into TBI treatment protocols. The timing, dosage, and long-term effects of ketone use in TBI patients require further investigation to fully understand its potential benefits and limitations.

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The Influence of Ketone Bodies on Circadian Processes Regarding Appetite, Sleep and Hormone Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Cited by 24 publications

References 123 publications

Eight-Hour Time-Restricted Feeding: A Strong Candidate Diet Protocol for First-Line Therapy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Eight-Hour Time-Restricted Feeding: A Strong Candidate Diet Protocol for First-Line Therapy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

IL-6/STAT3 signaling drives early-stage pancreatic cancer cachexia via suppressed ketogenesis

Modulation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in traumatic brain injury

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