The influence of laser welding configuration on the properties of dissimilar stainless steel welds

Abstract

Laser beam welding of dissimilar ferritic/ martensitic stainless steels was performed in constrained butt joint configuration with the objective of identifying the influence of the melting ratio between the two base metals on the ultimate shear strength of the welds. Based on a full factorial design, experiments demonstrated that varying the incidence angle up to 45°and offsetting the focal position with respect to the materials' interface within the limits imposed by the laser spot diameter are a reliable method to control the melting ratio and maintaining the expected resistance length at the material interface. The weld configuration parameters were correlated by means of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method with shear resistance length and the melting ratio: the incidence of surface cracks can be significantly reduced increasing the ferritic steel area, involved in the formation of seam, over 60 % of the whole melt zone. Push-out tests performed on the specimens revealed that such a configuration has beneficial aspects on the ultimate shear strength of the seam meaning that the prevailing effect is the decreased brittleness of the weld by decreasing its carbon content under 0.5 % in weight.

Laser Dissimilar Welding of AISI 430F and AISI 304 Stainless Steels

“…They obtained qualitatively sound joints by finding appropriate welding parameters to avoid micro-crack formation. Romoli et al [ 19 ] made a dissimilar AISI 440C with AISI 430F laser welded joint and found an empirical relationship between the shear strength of the weld and the configuration adopted during experiments. They observed that higher susceptibility to surface crack formation generated on the boundary of the weld seam with AISI 440C is connected with a higher martensitic volume fraction.…”

Fiber Laser Welding of Dissimilar 2205/304 Stainless Steel Plates

“…Components with adequate ductility, high strength, good corrosion resistance, and desirable electrical and thermal conductivities have been achieved through DM welding [3,4]. Several DM welding techniques have been reported, including Welding-Brazing [5][6][7], Arc [8][9][10], Friction [11], Friction stir [12,13], Ultrasonic [14,15], Explosive welding [16], Laser [17][18][19], and Hybrid Laser-Arc welding [20,21].…”

Investigation of Mechanical Behaviour of Laser Welded Butt Joint of Transformed Induced Plasticity (TRIP) Steel with effect Laser Incident Angle

“…The high energy density and low heat input process resulting in a restricted heat input process are Nd: YAG laser beam welding with a continuous wave resulting in a small heat-affected zone (HAZ). The efficiency of the welding depends mainly on the mechanical properties, the geometry of the welding bead and the distortion of the welded joint [4]. All these consistency features are directly related to the parameters of welding.…”