“…The effective use of smartphones for teaching have been investigated in several individual subjects, for example, Agricultural education (Smith et al, 2018), Biology (Setiawan et al, 2017), Physics (Svensson, 2018), Applied Chemistry (Stanley & Ymele-Leki, 2017), Science (Hasanah et al, 2018), Mathematics (Farozin et al, 2019;Setiyadi et al, 2019), and English education (Ngesi et al, 2018;Sarhandi, Bajnaid & Elyas, 2017;Wu & Lo, 2017), to name but a few. No studies were found that reported on using smartphones particularly for Consumer Studies, or even for Home Economics, the more common name of the comparable subject in several other countries (Umalusi, 2014:18).…”