The influence of lignin on the self-assembly behaviour of xylan rich fractions from birch (Betula pendula)

Westbye, Peter; Köhnke, Tobias; Glasser, Wolfgang G.; Gatenholm, Paul

doi:10.1007/s10570-007-9178-0

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Hemicelluloses are better referred to as "heteropolysaccharides" or "crosslinking glycans" [109]. However, the term hemicellulose is widely used in the literature and is therefore retained here.…”

Section: Major Plant Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin exists in a complex with hemicellulose through such covalent and other non-covalent bonds. Lignin is bound to cellulose only through non-covalent bonds [109,111]. Lignin-hemicellulose complex surrounds the cellulose with which it is bound through extensive hydrogen bonding to form a supramolecular structure that protects the cellulose and is the reason for biomass recalcitrance.…”

Section: Mechanisms For Lignin-carbohydrate Complex (Lcc) Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin polymers showed self-assembly behavior in solution that was reversibly controlled by the polydispersity of the polymer and environmental factors such as the solvent type, pH, ionic strength and temperature [109,125,126]. Ultrafiltration and light scattering studies demonstrated large, stable self-assembled lignin complexes with decreasing pH and/or increasing polymer concentration.…”

Section: Supramolecular Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xylan self-associated strongly and also adsorbed strongly onto cellulose surfaces. The latter adsorption was promoted by cationic and hydrophobic substituents which enhanced the amphiphilic character of the hemicellulose [109]. Xylan also associated with lignin and lignin enhanced the self-aggregation of xylan [109,113].…”

Section: Substratum Effects On Supramolecular Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter adsorption was promoted by cationic and hydrophobic substituents which enhanced the amphiphilic character of the hemicellulose [109]. Xylan also associated with lignin and lignin enhanced the self-aggregation of xylan [109,113]. All these properties might indeed guide lignification in vivo [113].…”

Section: Substratum Effects On Supramolecular Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supramolecular Self-Assembled Chaos: Polyphenolic Lignin’s Barrier to Cost-Effective Lignocellulosic Biofuels

et al. 2010

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Phenylpropanoid metabolism yields a mixture of monolignols that undergo chaotic, non-enzymatic reactions such as free radical polymerization and spontaneous selfassembly in order to form the polyphenolic lignin which is a barrier to cost-effective lignocellulosic biofuels. Post-synthesis lignin integration into the plant cell wall is unclear, including how the hydrophobic lignin incorporates into the wall in an initially hydrophilic milieu. Self-assembly, self-organization and aggregation give rise to a complex, 3D network of lignin that displays randomly branched topology and fractal properties. Attempts at isolating lignin, analogous to archaeology, are instantly destructive and nonrepresentative of in planta. Lack of plant ligninases or enzymes that hydrolyze specific bonds in lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) also frustrate a better grasp of lignin. Supramolecular self-assembly, nano-mechanical properties of lignin-lignin, ligninpolysaccharide interactions and association-dissociation kinetics affect biomass deconstruction and thereby cost-effective biofuels production. OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2010, 15 8642

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Section: Major Plant Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms For Lignin-carbohydrate Complex (Lcc) Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supramolecular Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substratum Effects On Supramolecular Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substratum Effects On Supramolecular Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supramolecular Self-Assembled Chaos: Polyphenolic Lignin’s Barrier to Cost-Effective Lignocellulosic Biofuels

et al. 2010

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Composites of Nanocellulose and Lignin‐like Polymers

Barone

2014

Cellulose Based Composites

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IntroductionPolymeric nanocomposites are defined as polymer matrices filled with a nanometersized filler. These materials are usually combinations of rigid nanoclay fillers in much less rigid polyolefins [1]. There has been more recent interest in using biobased reinforcements such as nanocrystalline cellulose. Nanocrystalline cellulose can assume several forms depending on the source and processing method. Most is produced through acid hydrolysis. Native cellulosic sources produce round nanocrystals that have diameters up to ∼10 nm when derived from wood and cotton and >10 nm when derived from algae or tunicate [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Tunicate nanocellulose (NC) can be up to micrometers in length, which is an order of magnitude longer than those obtained from other sources [8]. Bacterial cellulose is as long as that derived from tunicate but has a rectangular cross section of 10 nm thickness and 50 nm width [4]. A combination of shear and enzymatic processing produces nanocrystals with a bimodal distribution of D = 5 and 15 nm [6]. The modulus of cellulose nanocrystals is greater than 100 GPa and combined with the high aspect ratio makes the reinforcement potential very high [9][10][11]. Polymeric matrices incorporating NC as the reinforcing phase include synthetic and biobased thermoplastics [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Results are mixed with positive reinforcement occurring only for polymeric matrices of low modulus. Thermosetting matrices have also been used, most notably phenol-formaldehyde, the most common wood adhesive [19][20][21][22][23][24]. NC seems to be the best reinforcement for itself with cellulose-based polymer matrices or amorphous cellulose able to be positively reinforced [25][26][27][28][29].The use of NC in nanocomposites is leveraging the same technology that plants use to attain strength and rigidity: ordered cellulose in a more disordered polymeric matrix. The plant cell wall is made by in situ polymerization of phenolic monomers (lignin) into a web of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose), a process that is catalyzed by polyphenoloxidases (laccases) or peroxidases [30]. Typical lignin monomers are coniferyl alcohol, coumaryl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol. In this highly structured fiber composite material, semicrystalline cellulose fibrils provide mechanical strength, while the relatively hydrophobic lignin acts

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Purification of hemicellulose hydrolysates by antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor

Carr,

Russo Abegão,

Boodhoo

2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The hemicellulose (HMC) fraction of lignocellulosic biomass is a biorenewable precursor for platform molecules such as furfural and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural. However, this fraction is often not valorized. This study presents a novel method to produce high‐purity HMC from industrial HMC hydrolysate streams utilizing antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor (SDR) for potential application in a biorefinery. Spinning disc reactors are ideal intensified precipitation technologies due to their continuous processing ability, high mixing rates, short residence times, and scalability potential. The effects of three different antisolvents (ethanol, acetone, and ammonium sulfate), disc speed, flow rate, and antisolvent (AS) : solvent (S) mass ratio on the yield, purity, and particle size of sugar precipitates were investigated. Ethanol was the preferred antisolvent, yielding the greatest average recovery of solid precipitate of 32% at a 10:1 AS:S ratio and high sugar purity of more than 97%. Acetone failed to produce a solid precipitate, and ammonium sulfate contaminated the product, rendering both antisolvents unsuitable. The SDR overcame mixing limitations at all hydrodynamic conditions tested so that only the AS:S ratio affected product yield significantly, increasing the ethanol AS:S from 1:1 to 10:1, enhancing average solid recovery from 4 to 32%. Optimal SDR operating conditions were 600 rpm disc rotation speed and 8 mL s−1 total flow rate, maximizing product throughput and minimizing energy consumption, with a residence time less than 1 s. In a continuously operated scaled‐up system, 485 L of HMC hydrolysate could be processed per day, demonstrating the SDR to be a promising method of intensifying HMC recovery at scale in a biorefinery.

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The influence of lignin on the self-assembly behaviour of xylan rich fractions from birch (Betula pendula)

Cited by 61 publications

References 41 publications

Supramolecular Self-Assembled Chaos: Polyphenolic Lignin’s Barrier to Cost-Effective Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Supramolecular Self-Assembled Chaos: Polyphenolic Lignin’s Barrier to Cost-Effective Lignocellulosic Biofuels

Composites of Nanocellulose and Lignin‐like Polymers

Purification of hemicellulose hydrolysates by antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor

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