The influence of low light on apple fruit abscission

Byers, Ross E.; Carbaugh, D.H.; Presley, C. N.; Wolf, Tony K.

doi:10.1080/00221589.1991.11516119

Cited by 82 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This may be due to more fruit retention (Table 3) in 5m x 3m due to less competition for metabolites and water which probably reduced fruit drop. These results are in accordance with those of reported by Byers et al, (1991) in apple.…”

Section: Fruit Dropsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…This may be due to less tree spread at close spacings which reduced the light creating the uncongenial microclimate within the tree canopy and decreased fruit retention. These findings are in accordance with those of Byers et al, (1991) who reported that apple plants which were kept in artificial shade decreased fruit retention by forming abscission layer in fruits. Jackson and Plamer (1977) also found that shading treatment significantly reduced fruit retention in apple.…”

Section: Fruit Retentionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Effect of Various Training Systems and Spacings on Flowering and Fruiting in Peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab

Sharma¹,

Singh²

2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Section: Fruit Dropsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Fruit Retentionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of Various Training Systems and Spacings on Flowering and Fruiting in Peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab

Sharma¹,

Singh²

2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…The diameters of all fruits were measured 3 days before and just prior to the application of the shade cloth, to ensure that all fruit were growing well, and then measured again at 24 and 72 h after the treatment began. The shade treatments were applied 18 days after bloom when the largest fruit diameters averaged 12 mm and the shade was maintained on the trees for 72 h. This stage of fruit development has been shown to be the most responsive to low levels of light intensity (Byers et al 1991) and is the period of most likely carbon supply deWcits (Lakso et al 1999). After measuring diameters of the fruits on the trees at 24 and 72 h with a digital micrometer, fruits of consistent diameters and growth increments for each treatment were identiWed to limit variability in the sampled fruits.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Weld Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The herbicide, terbacil, which is a photosynthesis inhibitor, is eVective at non-lethal doses although it is not registered for commercial use (Byers et al 1990a, b). Additionally, there are environmental stresses that lead to fruit abscission at this time, especially low light levels (Byers et al 1991;Greene 2002), and high temperatures (Kondo and Takahashi 1987;Atkinson et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of genes associated with shade-induced apple abscission

et al. 2008

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Apple trees generally produce excessive number of flowers and young fruitlets, which negatively affects commercial value. Thus, thinning is an important practice by which excessive flowers and fruitlets abort. Fruit abscission is difficult to predict or control, as many factors including shading can cause fruitlets to abort. In order to understand the molecular basis of shade-induced fruit abscission, two cDNA libraries were constructed using the suppression-subtractive hybridization (SSH) method and 347 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained. 168 ESTs represent transcripts that are preferentially expressed after 24 h of shading, and the other 179 are derived from RNAs of small apple fruits that were shaded for 72 h. Sequence analyses revealed that these clones represent 68 (24 h) and 44 (72 h) unique genes; these genes belong in eight functional categories. The largest set of genes is related to carbohydrate metabolism including the sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (S6PDH) gene that was generally believed not to be expressed in young fruits, while the second largest group contains unclassified or unknown genes. RNA gel blot analysis confirmed that at least 26 genes are up-regulated after shade treatment. Some of these known genes may serve as molecular markers for apple monitoring the induction of fruitlet abscission. Improved genetic understanding is critical to the development of targeted abscission agents to better control apple crop loads and optimize apple production.

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“…The elimination of fruiting structures would favor light distribution and the naturally occurring return bloom (Lauri et al, 1997(Lauri et al, , 1998Wünsche and Lakso, 2000). However, lower values of light intensity increase the likelihood that apple fruits 8-30 mm in diameter will fall from the tree (Byers et al, 1991). Likewise, shading by the canopy produces diminished photosynthesis (Burnside and Bhöning, 1957;Rom, 1991), flowering (Lauri et al, 1996), fruit set (Lauri et al, 2004), fruit size (Raffo Benegas et al, 2004;Rodríguez and Raffo, 2006) and fruit coloration (Raffo Benegas et al, 2006), and increases the susceptibility to diseases during storage (Flore and Lakso, 1989).…”

Section: Research Notementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of centrifugal pruning on fruiting structure production in Royal Gala apples

Raffo¹,

Rodrı́guez²,

Mañueco³

2011

Cienc. Inv. Agr.

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M.D. Raffo, R. Rodríguez, and L. Mañueco. 2011. The effects of centrifugal pruning on fruiting structure production in Royal Gala apples. Cien. Inv. Agr. 38(2): 227-232. Proper sunlight distribution in the tree canopy during the fruit-bud initiation period could increase the number of fruits and the quality of fruit development in the following year. Through winter pruning, it is possible to remove all side structures developed at the center of the tree and on the undersides of the branches. In the following spring, this pruning method produces a tube-shaped area in the canopy center that improves the penetration and distribution of light from the central axis to the canopy periphery. This approach produces a better light level at the sites where fruit-bud initiation occurs. An experiment was performed on apples cv. Royal Gala grafted on EM 9 to quantify the benefits of centrifugal pruning for return bloom. The Royal Gala/EM9 combination shows a high production potential, and the trees produce a large quantity of fruit structures. The results obtained during two consecutive vegetative seasons showed the positive influence of this extinction practice, with higher numbers of fruit structures on the treated trees than on conventionally pruned trees.

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The influence of low light on apple fruit abscission

Cited by 82 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Various Training Systems and Spacings on Flowering and Fruiting in Peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab

Effect of Various Training Systems and Spacings on Flowering and Fruiting in Peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab

Isolation and characterization of genes associated with shade-induced apple abscission

The effects of centrifugal pruning on fruiting structure production in Royal Gala apples

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