The Influence of Low-Molecular-Weight Monomers (TEGDMA, HDDMA, HEMA) on the Properties of Selected Matrices and Composites Based on Bis-GMA and UDMA

Abstract

Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) are usually combined with low-viscosity monomers to obtain more desirable viscosity, handling characteristics and general properties. The present study determined the flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and hardness (HV) of five matrices and composites based on these resins. The polymerization shrinkage stress (PSS) was also studied for the composites. The polymer matrices were formed using bis-GMA and UDMA. TEGDMA, HEMA and HDDMA acted as co-monomers. The composites had 45 wt.% of filler content. The highest FS and FM were obtained from the UDMA/bis-GMA/TEGDMA/HEMA matrix and the composite (matrix + filler). The best DTS values were obtained from the UDMA/bis-GMA/HEMA matrix and the composite. One of the lowest values of FS, FM, and DTS was obtained from the UDMA/bis-GMA/HDDMA matrix and the composite. All the composites demonstrated similar hardness values. The lowest polymerization shrinkage stress was observed for the UDMA/bis-GMA/TEGDMA/HEMA composite, and the highest PSS was observed for the UDMA/bis-GMA/TEGDMA/HDDMA composite. The addition of HEMA had a positive effect on the properties of the tested materials, which may be related to the improved mobility of the bis-GMA and UDMA monomers.

The influence of quaternary ammonium salts on mechanical properties of light-cured resin dental composites

“…29. Similar hardness values of experimental dental resin composites can be also found in other studies [27][28][29]. Based on the literature, the minimum Vickers hardness value of commercial composite materials was found to be between 40 and 50 [28,30,31].…”

Effect of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate: Triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate ratio on functional properties of Bis-GMA hybrid composites

“…9 TEGDMA substituents such as monomethacrylates have been introduced and found to be effective in reducing polymeric shrinkage. 10 Similar work reported recently includes the use of 2hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) 11 and isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA). 12 Nonetheless, to achieve low volume shrinkage and high mechanical properties, high filler content of between 60 to 87 wt% are necessary.…”

Comparative Evaluation of Bond Strength and Microleakage of Three Ion-Releasing Restorative Materials at Various pH Levels

“…In addition, the presence of a special filler (isofiller) in the alkasite, which acts as a stress reliever, may minimize the shrinkage force [32]. In the case that the composite material has the lower-molecular weighed monomer (e.g., triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, TEGDMA; 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, HEMA) in the matrix, the tendency of polymerization shrinkage decreases [33]. However, in addition to the composition of composite matrix, the amount of matrix and the existence of the functional monomer or modulator to the polymerization shrinkage can influence the final volume of polymerization shrinkage.…”